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Journal articles
Magazine articles
Open Access
Tetraethyl orthosilicate-containing dispersion coating — water vapor and liquid water barrier properties, TAPPI Journal September 2021

ABSTRACT: An aqueous styrene-butadiene latex dispersion coating containing in-situ processed tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) applied on paperboard demonstrated improved water barrier performance. Coatings containing TEOS equivalent to 0.8% silicon dioxide (SiO2; dry basis) exhibited water vapor performance of < 25 g/m2/day (23°C, 50% relative humidity [RH]) and liquid water barrier performance Cobb 1800 s of < 6 g/m2, when applied as a single-layer 18 g/m2 coating. Cobb 1800 s barrier performance was still good (< 11 g/m2) at coat weights of 7•10 g/m2. The use of filler materials such as kaolin improved the vapor barrier properties of the coating, but this was not critical to the liquid water barrier properties.

Journal articles
Magazine articles
Open Access
Commercially relevant water vapor barrier properties of high amylose starch acetates: Fact or fiction?, TAPPI Journal September 2021

ABSTRACT: Starches have recently regained attention as ecofriendly barrier materials due to the increased demand for sustainable packaging. They are easily processable by conventional plastics processing equipment and have been utilized for oil and grease barrier applications. While starches have excellent oxygen barrier properties and decent water barrier properties at low relative humidity (RH), they are moisture sensitive, as demonstrated by the deterioration of the barrier properties at higher RH values. Starch esters are chemically modified starches where the hydroxyl group of the starch has been substituted by other moieties such as acetates. This imparts hydrophobicity to starches and has been claimed as a good way of retaining water vapor barrier properties of starches, even at high RH conditions. We studied the water vapor barrier properties of one class of starch esters, i.e., high amylose starch acetates that were assumed to have good water vapor barrier properties. Our investigations found that with a high degree of substitution of hydroxyl groups, the modified starches did indeed show improvements in water vapor response as compared to pure high amylose starch films; however, the barrier properties were orders of magnitude lower than commercially used water vapor barriers like polyethylene. Even though these materials had improved water vapor barrier response, high amylose starch acetates are likely unsuitable as water vapor barriers by themselves, as implied by previous literature studies and patents.

Journal articles
Magazine articles
Open Access
Effects of agitator blade scaling on mixing in dissolving tanks, TAPPI Journal April 2022

ABSTRACT: Hard calcium carbonate scale often forms on the agitators in smelt dissolving tanks. The effects of this scale on mixing are not well understood. While mixing in tanks has often been modeled in the literature, there have been no studies involving agitator scaling. To better understand the impact of agitator scaling on hydrodynamics and tank concentrations, a steady state, three-dimensional (3D) model has been developed for a smelt dissolving tank at a kraft pulp mill. In this work, four cases are compared: an agitator with no scaling, mild scaling, moderate scaling, and extreme scaling. The extreme scaling case is representative of scale buildup on a dissolving tank agitator that was significant enough that the agitator had to be stopped and cleaned. The reduction in the agitator fluid jet velocity is relatively small for the mild and moderate scaling cases, but it becomes more significant for the extreme scaling case, for which the results indicate that the mixing of the smelt with the weak wash is likely poor and that there would thus be a risk of smelt pooling.

Journal articles
Open Access
The role of diffusion during initial delignification of alkaline pulping, TAPPI JOURNAL April 1988 88APR145

The role of diffusion during initial delignification of alkaline pulping, TAPPI JOURNAL April 1988

Journal articles
Open Access
Sintering of fireside deposits and its impact on plugging in kraft recovery boilers, TAPPI JOURNAL April 1988 88APR109

Sintering of fireside deposits and its impact on plugging in kraft recovery boilers, TAPPI JOURNAL April 1988

Journal articles
Open Access
Measurement of strains in a paper tensile specimen using computer vision and digital image correlation-Part 2: Tensile specimen test, TAPPI JOURNAL April 1988 88APR153

Measurement of strains in a paper tensile specimen using computer vision and digital image correlation-Part 2: Tensile specimen test, TAPPI JOURNAL April 1988

Journal articles
Open Access
Automatic winder slitter positioning using a programmable logic controller, TAPPI JOURNAL August 1988

Automatic winder slitter positioning using a programmable logic controller, TAPPI JOURNAL August 1988

Journal articles
Open Access
The use of proton NMR for pitch analysis-a case study, TAPPI JOURNAL August 1988

The use of proton NMR for pitch analysis-a case study, TAPPI JOURNAL August 1988

Journal articles
Open Access
Further comments on a visual study of pulp floc dispersion mechanisms, TAPPI JOURNAL 1988

Further comments on a visual study of pulp floc dispersion mechanisms, TAPPI JOURNAL 1988

Journal articles
Open Access
TAPPI survey of 1987 incomes, TAPPI JOURNAL August 1988

TAPPI survey of 1987 incomes, TAPPI JOURNAL August 1988

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