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Journal articles
Open Access
Effect of xylan on the mechanical performance of softwood kraft pulp 2D papers and 3D foams, TAPPI Journal March 2025

ABSTRACT: Pulp fibers are paramount in paper products and have lately seen emerging use in fiber foams. Xylan, an integral component in pulp fibers, is known to contribute to paper strength, but its effect on the strength of pulp fiber foams remains less explored. In this study, we investigate the role of xylan in both 2D handsheets and 3D foams. For a softwood kraft pulp, we enzymatically removed 1% from pulp fibers and added 3% xylan to them by adsorption, corresponding to approximately a decrease of a tenth and an increase of a third of the total xylan content. The mechanical properties of 2D fiber networks, i.e., handsheets, made using the xylan-enriched pulp improved, particularly regarding tensile strength and Young’s modulus; however, the decrease in mechanical properties of handsheets made from enzymatically- treated xylan-depleted pulp was more pronounced. In 3D networks • pulp fiber foams, much less fiber-fiber contacts formed, and thus the mechanical properties were not as much influenced by removal of xylan. Furthermore, the presence of the required surfactant on the fibers, acting as debonding agent, overshadows any positive effect xylan might have on fiber-fiber bonding. We propose that the improved mechanical properties for the sheets result from a combination of an increased number of fiber-fiber bonds and higher sheet density, while the deterioration in mechanical properties of handsheets comprising enzymatically-treated fibers is caused by the opposite effect.

Journal articles
Open Access
Predictive advisory solutions for chemistry management, control, and optimization, TAPPI Journal March 2025

ABSTRACT: Process runnability and end-product quality in paper and board making are often connected to chemistry. Typically, monitoring of the chemistry status is based on a few laboratory measurements and a limited number of online specific chemistry-related measurements. Therefore, mill personnel do not have real-time transparency of the chemistry related phenomena, which can cause production instability, including deposition, higher chemical consumption, quality issues in the end-product and runnability problems. Machine learning techniques have been used to establish soft sensor models and to detect abnormalities. Furthermore, these soft sensors prove to be most useful when combined with expert-driven interpretation. This study is aimed at utilizing a hybrid solution comprising chemistry and physics models and machine learning models for stabilizing chemistry-related processes in paper and board production. The principal idea is to combine chemistry/physics models and machine learning models in a fashion close to white box modeling. A cornerstone in the approach is to formulate explanations of the findings from the models; that is, to explain in plain text what the findings mean and how operational changes can mitigate the identified risks. The approach has been demonstrated for several different applications, including deposit control in the wet end, both raw water treatment and usage, and wastewater treatment. This approach provides mill personnel with knowledge of identified phenomena and recommendations on how to stabilize chemistry-related processes. Instead of using close to black box machine learning models, a hybrid solution including chemistry/physics models can enhance the performance of artificial intelligence (AI) deployed systems. A successful way of gaining the trust from mill personnel is by creating a plain text explanation of the findings from the hybrid models. The correlation between the likelihood of a phenomena and disturbance and the explanations are derived and validated by application and chemistry and physics experts.

Journal articles
Magazine articles
Open Access
Creasing severity and reverse-side cracking, TAPPI Journal April 2020

ABSTRACT: Crease cracking can be detrimental to the functionality and appearance of paperboard-based packaging. The effect of creasing severity on the degree of reverse-side crease cracking (bead-side of the crease) of paperboard was investigated. Samples were creased with a range of rule and channel geometries, and the cracking degree was quantified as the percent of cracked length relative to the total length of the crease. The cracking degree was typically below 5% at low crease penetration depths, but was exponentially higher beyond a critical penetration depth. A rule and channel combination with a wider clearance shifted the critical depth to larger values. The creasing severity parameter, termed the creasing draw, converged the cracking degree data from different rule and channel combinations to a single curve. The creasing draw was derived from the same analytical expres-sions as the transverse shear strain and quantifies the length of paper that is drawn into the channel during creasing. The critical draw is defined as the draw at which cracking becomes greater than 5%, which corresponds with the point at which cracking becomes exponential. The critical draw is a material/system parameter that defines the level below which cracking is minimal.

Journal articles
Open Access
Static control methods in hazardous areas in converting operations, TAPPI JOURNAL, February 1995, Vol. 78(2)

Static control methods in hazardous areas in converting operations, TAPPI JOURNAL, February 1995, Vol. 78(2)

Journal articles
Open Access
Linerboard drying on a sheet-fed pilot impulse drying shoe press, TAPPI JOURNAL, January 1995, Vol. 78(1)

Linerboard drying on a sheet-fed pilot impulse drying shoe press, TAPPI JOURNAL, January 1995, Vol. 78(1)

Journal articles
Open Access
The influence of coating structure on the ink receptivity and print gloss of model clay coatings, TAPPI JOURNAL, January 1995, Vol. 78(1)

The influence of coating structure on the ink receptivity and print gloss of model clay coatings, TAPPI JOURNAL, January 1995, Vol. 78(1)

Journal articles
Open Access
Drying with two radial jets: development of radial Jet reattachment drying arrays, TAPPI JOURNAL, July 1995, Vol. 78(7)

Drying with two radial jets: development of radial Jet reattachment drying arrays, TAPPI JOURNAL, July 1995, Vol. 78(7)

Journal articles
Open Access
Pilot scale investigation of infrared drying of paper, TAPPI JOURNAL, July 1995, Vol. 78(7)

Pilot scale investigation of infrared drying of paper, TAPPI JOURNAL, July 1995, Vol. 78(7)

Journal articles
Open Access
Efficient drying of sludges, TAPPI JOURNAL, July 1995, Vol. 78(7)

Efficient drying of sludges, TAPPI JOURNAL, July 1995, Vol. 78(7)

Journal articles
Open Access
Effect of lignin content on ozone bleaching at medium consistency, TAPPI JOURNAL, June 1995, Vol. 78(6)

Effect of lignin content on ozone bleaching at medium consistency, TAPPI JOURNAL, June 1995, Vol. 78(6)

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