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Journal articles
Magazine articles
Open Access
Paper bending stiffness and web tension measurement from a running web using a vacuum and computer imaging, TAPPI Journal May 2023

ABSTRACT: A novel method for measuring the bending stiffness of paper online during manufacturing is introduced. The method uses photometric stereo imaging to detect the shape of the deflection surface caused by a controllable pressure difference over the paper’s surfaces. The hardware for the measurement is based on a combination of two existing sensors, which has accelerated and facilitated the development of the implementation. The deflection and loads are tied together by the governing differential equation for the bending of an orthotropic elastic plate with selected simplifications. An approach to resolve material parameters and in-plane loads without knowledge of traditional boundary conditions is suggested. The presented method was tested in a paper mill during manufacturing. For bending stiffnesses measured online, correlation coefficients 0.88 and 0.92 were obtained compared to state-of-the-art laboratory measurements. However, the results gained from a moving web are noisy and the data requires correction of the slope and an off-set. Although several issues remain to be resolved before the method can be considered as an accurate measurement for industrial use, the theoretical background, the performance of online implementation, and the results are promising. Possible causes for the observed discrepancies and the future development of the method are discussed.

Journal articles
Magazine articles
Open Access
Black liquor evaporators upgrade — How many effects?, TAPPI Journal April 2023

ABSTRACT: Black liquor evaporation is generally the most energy intensive unit operation in a pulp and paper manufacturing facility. The black liquor evaporators can represent a third or more of the total mill steam usage, followed by the paper machine and digester. When considering an evaporator rebuild or a new system, the key design question is how many effects to include in the system. The number of effects is the main design feature that deter-mines the economy of the system and the steam usage for a given evaporation capacity. A higher number of effects increases steam economy and reduces energy cost to a point, but additional effects also have higher initial capital cost and increased power costs. This research paper uses life-cycle cost analysis (LCCA) as a method to determine the optimum number of evaporator effects for a new evaporator system. The same basic principles and method can also apply to existing evaporator rebuild projects.

Magazine articles
Open Access
Contributing causes and risk reduction of crevice corrosion, TAPPI JOURNAL, November 1998, Vol. 81(11)

Contributing causes and risk reduction of crevice corrosion, TAPPI JOURNAL, November 1998, Vol. 81(11)

Magazine articles
Open Access
English as a first and second language - part 6: avoiding grammar traps, TAPPI JOURNAL, September 1998, Vol. 81(9)

English as a first and second language - part 6: avoiding grammar traps, TAPPI JOURNAL, September 1998, Vol. 81(9)

Magazine articles
Open Access
Technology spotlight: the paper machine of tomorrow - maintenance and engineering, TAPPI JOURNAL, September 1998, Vol. 81(9)

Technology spotlight: the paper machine of tomorrow - maintenance and engineering, TAPPI JOURNAL, September 1998, Vol. 81(9)

Magazine articles
Open Access
Quality and environmental management system: electronic documentation management, TAPPI JOURNAL, April 1999, Vol. 82(4)

Quality and environmental management system: electronic documentation management, TAPPI JOURNAL, April 1999, Vol. 82(4)

Magazine articles
Open Access
Mondi in south africa, TAPPI JOURNAL, April 1999, Vol. 82(4)

Mondi in south africa, TAPPI JOURNAL, April 1999, Vol. 82(4)

Magazine articles
Open Access
Practical sheeting and packaging methods for soho market, TAPPI JOURNAL, April 1999, Vol. 82(4)

Practical sheeting and packaging methods for soho market, TAPPI JOURNAL, April 1999, Vol. 82(4)

Magazine articles
Open Access
Views from the top: ceos offer global perspectives on the pulp and paper industries, TAPPI JOURNAL, August 1999, Vol. 82(8)

Views from the top: ceos offer global perspectives on the pulp and paper industries, TAPPI JOURNAL, August 1999, Vol. 82(8)

Magazine articles
Open Access
UGA warnell school of forest resources builds mobile lab for wastewater analyses and management, TAPPI JOURNAL, December 1999, Vol. 82(12)

UGA warnell school of forest resources builds mobile lab for wastewater analyses and management, TAPPI JOURNAL, December 1999, Vol. 82(12)

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