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Journal articles
Open Access
Pre-damping effects on water absorption and drying dynamics in flexographic printing, TAPPI Journal November 2025

ABSTRACT: Optimizing flexographic printability can involve the ink and the substrate, as well as the printing process. It has been widely reported in the literature that controlling topography of the substrate and its porosity are vital for good flexographic printability, especially when using water-based inks. This study focuses on how pre-damping a surface impacts liquid absorption and improves wet trapping (ink on ink with no intermediate drying) in flexographic printing. A Prüfbau universal print tester was adapted to analyze flexographic wet-on-wet ink printing and trapping using yellow and magenta inks for contrast. Slow drying of the first ink layer (yellow) leads to mottle when the second layer (magenta) is applied. The study explores the “wet sponge” hypothesis: a pre-damped surface should absorb liquid faster. The Lucas- Washburn equation describes long-term absorption, but it does not capture short-term uptake, which instead follows a linear dependence on time.

Journal articles
Open Access
Water and grease resistance of paperboard coated with long chain cellulose fatty acid esters using electrostatic powder coating, TAPPI Journal April 2026

ABSTRACT: Fiber-based materials used for foodservice, takeaway, and other packaging applications must typically provide water and grease resistance. Simultaneously, there is growing interest towards bio-based and renewable barrier coatings. In this study we applied thermoplastic long chain fatty acid cellulose esters onto paperboard using electrostatic powder coating to create barrier properties of interest. Electrostatic powder coating provides a water-free process to tackle moisture-induced quality issues and to provide an even coating layer. Cellulose octanoate and palmitate esters were produced in pilot scale. These were ground into fine particles using liquid nitrogen and applied onto paperboard sheets using an electrostatic powder gun. The loosely packed coatings were fixed and fused onto the paperboard by hot pressing. We characterized the coated sheets for coating thickness, contact angles with water, water absorption, grease resistance (KIT), and olive oil barrier. Two commercial polyethylene powders were used as references. Our results indicated that the long chain cellulose fatty acid ester coatings were thermoplastic and hydrophobic with contact angles above 100°. Water absorption was similar to the reference coatings. While grease resistance was lower than with the references, the cellulose ester coatings slowed down diffusion of olive oil through the paperboard. Cellulose octanoate ester with a lower melt viscosity already provided smooth coatings after the initial hot pressing step, while in most cases, the second post hot pressing step further improved the barrier properties.

Journal articles
Open Access
AOX Content of Paper Manufactured with 'Chlorine Free' Pulps

AOX Content of Paper Manufactured with 'Chlorine Free' Pulps, 1995 Papermakers Conference Proceedings

Journal articles
Open Access
Xylanase Treatment for the Bleaching of Softwood Kraft Pulps

Xylanase Treatment for the Bleaching of Softwood Kraft Pulps: The Effect of Chlorine Dioxide Substitution, 1992 Pulping Conference Proceedings

Open Access
Improved Wet Bulk Storage of Bagasse for Newsprint Pulp Production - Part I, 1993 Pulping Conference Proceedings

Improved Wet Bulk Storage of Bagasse for Newsprint Pulp Production - Part I, 1993 Pulping Conference Proceedings

Journal articles
Open Access
Improving Softwood Mechanical Pulp Properties with Ophiostom

Improving Softwood Mechanical Pulp Properties with Ophiostoma Piliferum, 1995 Pulping Conference Proceedings

Journal articles
Open Access
Characterization of printed offset ink layers on printing papers using fractal analysis, TAPPI JOURNAL May 2012

Characterization of printed offset ink layers on printing papers using fractal analysis, TAPPI JOURNAL May 2012

Journal articles
Open Access
Machine Vision Applications Using Binary and Grayscale Morph

Machine Vision Applications Using Binary and Grayscale Morphology, 1994 Engineering Conference Proceedings

Open Access
Effect of Flotation Deinked Recycled Fibre on Newsprint Printability, 1990 International Printing & Graphic Arts Conference Proceedings

Effect of Flotation Deinked Recycled Fibre on Newsprint Printability, 1990 International Printing & Graphic Arts Conference Proceedings

Journal articles
Open Access
Pressure drop characteristics of steam condensation flow in triangular channels for multi-channel cylinder dryers, TAPPI Journal September 2026

ABSTRACT: This study investigates the condensation pressure drop characteristics of steam in the channels of multi-channel drying cylinders, which remain insufficiently understood. An experimental system was established using a horizontal mini-channel with a triangular cross-section and a hydraulic diameter of 4.09 mm. Flow visualization combined with a high-precision data acquisition system was employed to systematically examine the effects of steam mass flux (10•60 kg/(m²·s)), inlet temperature (110°C•140°C), and cooling water flow rate (100•500 kg/h) on the frictional pressure drop during condensation. The results indicate that the two-phase frictional pressure drop increases with rising steam mass flux but decreases with increasing saturation temperature, while the effect of cooling water flow rate becomes more pronounced under lower temperature conditions. In addition, several existing two-phase flow pressure drop correlations were evaluated against the experimental data. Based on a comparative assessment of eight existing correlations, a new predictive model was developed through regression analysis, achieving a mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 19.56%. These findings elucidate the pressure drop mechanism of steam condensation in triangular channels and establish a high-precision predictive model, providing theoretical guidance and a critical tool for the engineering design and energy consumption optimization of multi-channel drying cylinders.

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