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Journal articles
Open Access
Effects of shoe pressing on fine paper properties, TAPPI JOURNAL, November 1999, Vol. 82(11)

Effects of shoe pressing on fine paper properties, TAPPI JOURNAL, November 1999, Vol. 82(11)

Journal articles
Open Access
Commercial successes of gasification technology, TAPPI JOURNAL, October 1999, Vol. 82(10)

Commercial successes of gasification technology, TAPPI JOURNAL, October 1999, Vol. 82(10)

Journal articles
Open Access
Measurement of fiber length, coarseness, and shape with the fiber quality analyzer, TAPPI JOURNAL, October 1999, Vol. 82(10)

Measurement of fiber length, coarseness, and shape with the fiber quality analyzer, TAPPI JOURNAL, October 1999, Vol. 82(10)

Journal articles
Open Access
H NMR relaxation study of cellulose and Water interaction in paper, TAPPI JOURNAL, September 1999, Vol. 82(9)

H NMR relaxation study of cellulose and Water interaction in paper, TAPPI JOURNAL, September 1999, Vol. 82(9)

Journal articles
Open Access
Modeling suction shoes in twin-wire blade forming: theory, TAPPI JOURNAL, September 1999, Vol. 82(9)

Modeling suction shoes in twin-wire blade forming: theory, TAPPI JOURNAL, September 1999, Vol. 82(9)

Journal articles
Open Access
A financial analysis of north american pulp, paper and packaging firms, TAPPI JOURNAL, September 1999, Vol. 82(9)

A financial analysis of north american pulp, paper and packaging firms, TAPPI JOURNAL, September 1999, Vol. 82(9)

Journal articles
Open Access
Recovering fibers from fine-prescreening reject at deinking mills, TAPPI JOURNAL November 2012

Recovering fibers from fine-prescreening reject at deinking mills, TAPPI JOURNAL November 2012

Journal articles
Magazine articles
Open Access
Pilot scale black liquor concentration using pressure driven membrane separation, TAPPI Journal April 2023

ABSTRACT: Black liquor concentration using pressure driven membrane separation has long been proposed as a means of achieving energy savings and breaking production bottlenecks. To date, limitations in membrane performance and stability under black liquor process conditions have prevented those promises from being realized out-side of tightly controlled laboratory settings. In this work, we describe the first successful pilot scale field deployments of a membrane system for black liquor concentration. Using a purpose-built system and commercial sized, spiral wound graphene oxide membrane elements, we have logged nearly 6000 h of runtime across deployments to multiple mill sites. We demonstrate concentration of black liquor from 14% to >20% total solids, while generating permeate water comparable in quality to that of evaporator condensate and an 81% reduction in energy consumption relative to evaporation. At a commercial scale, these results translate to $2 M/year in net energy savings for a typical mill, as well as an opportunity to support production increases or mill expansions. These results represent a significant leap forward in the ability of membrane systems to deliver substantial value via black liquor concentration.

Journal articles
Magazine articles
Open Access
Evaluation of soap recovery efficiency from black liquor — analytical tools, TAPPI Journal April 2023

ABSTRACT: Soap skimmings (“soap”) are typically recovered from black liquor in kraft mills that process a high percentage of softwood. In many mills, the recovery of soap is inefficient, negatively impacting performance of evaporators and recovery boilers and resulting in loss of potential revenue. A thorough evaluation of soap recovery performance in a kraft mill requires measurement of soap content in black liquor at various sampling locations, especially around the soap skimmer.The standard laboratory method for evaluating soap content in black liquor is a complex, multi-step process that relies on solvent extraction and titration; most mills send these samples to an outside laboratory for this analysis. In this study, 100 black liquor samples, with a wide range of soap concentrations, were tested by the standard solvent extraction method. After additional dilution, each sample was also tested for surface tension with a bubble pressure tensiometer. The results were found to correlate very closely with the solvent extraction tests results. This alternate method, using surface tension measurements of diluted black liquor samples, produces rapid results and can be easily implemented in most kraft mills, which would facilitate much more frequent in-house evaluations of soap recovery performance.

Journal articles
Magazine articles
Open Access
Web lateral instability caused by nonuniform paper properties, TAPPI Journal January 2022

ABSTRACT: Lateral or cross-machine direction (CD) web movement in printing or converting can cause problems such as misregistration, wrinkles, breaks, and folder issues. The role of paper properties in this problem was studied by measuring lateral web positions on commercial printing presses and on a pilot-scale roll testing facility (RTF). The findings clearly showed that CD profiles of machine direction (MD) tension were a key factor in web stability. Uneven tension profiles cause the web to move towards the low-tension side. Although extremely nonuniform tension profiles are visible as bagginess, more often, tension profiles must be detected by precision devices such as the RTF. Once detected, the profiles may be analyzed to determine the cause of web offset and weaving problems.Causes of tension profiles can originate from nonuniform paper properties. For example, by means of case studies, we show that an uneven moisture profile entering the dryer section can lead to a nonuniform tension profile and lateral web movement. Time-varying changes in basis weight or stiffness may also lead to oscillations in the web’s lateral position. These problems were corrected by identifying the root cause and making appropriate changes. In addition, we developed a mathematical model of lateral stability that explains the underlying mechanisms and can be used to understand and correct causes of lateral web instability.

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