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Lignin-based resins for kraft paper applications, TAPPI Journal November 2019
ABSTRACT: We investigated miscanthus (MS) and willow (W) lignin-furfural based resins as potential reinforce-ment agents on softwood and hardwood kraft paper. These resins might be sustainable alternatives to the commercial phenolformaldehyde (PF) resins. Phenol is a petrochemical product and formaldehyde has been classified as a carcinogen by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The lignin used in this study was derived from hot water extraction (160ºC, 2 h) of MS and W biomass, and may be considered sulfur-free. These biorefinery lignins were characterized for their chemical composition and inherent properties via wet chemistry and instrumental techniques. The resin blends (MS-resin and W-resin) were characterized for their molecular weight, thermal behavior, and mechanical properties. Mechanical properties were measured by the resin’s ability to reinforce softwood and hard-wood kraft papers. The effect of adding hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA), a curing agent, to the resin was also examined. Mixtures of PF and lignin-based resins were investigated to further explore ways to reduce use of non-renewables, phenol, and carcinogenic formaldehyde. The results show that lignin-based resins have the potential to replace PF resins in kraft paper applications. For softwood paper, the highest strength was achieved using W-resin, without HMTA (2.5 times greater than PF with HMTA). For hardwood paper, MS-resin with HMTA gave the highest strength (2.3 times higher than PF with HMTA). The lignin-based resins, without HMTA, also yielded mechanical properties comparable to PF with HMTA.
Journal articles
The Effectiveness of TAED on the Peroxide Bleaching
The Effectiveness of TAED on the Peroxide Bleaching of Mechanical, Chemical, and Recycled Pulp
Journal articles
Introducing molasses as a new additive in papermaking, TAPPI JOURNAL, August 2007
Introducing molasses as a new additive in papermaking, TAPPI JOURNAL, August 2007
Journal articles
Spectroscopic imaging ellipsometry of wood fiber cell walls: a comparison with confocal microscopy, TAPPI JOURNAL, August 2007
Spectroscopic imaging ellipsometry of wood fiber cell walls: a comparison with confocal microscopy, TAPPI JOURNAL, August 2007
Journal articles
A study of in-plane and z-direction strength of coating layers with varying latex content, TAPPI JOURNAL December 2007
A study of in-plane and z-direction strength of coating layers with varying latex content, TAPPI JOURNAL December 2007
Journal articles
Blended amphoteric PAMs: Hight performance as retention aids, TAPPI JOURNAL December 2007
Blended amphoteric PAMs: Hight performance as retention aids, TAPPI JOURNAL December 2007
Journal articles
A method for evaluating ink mileage in gravure printing, TAPPI JOURNAL December 2007
A method for evaluating ink mileage in gravure printing, TAPPI JOURNAL December 2007
Journal articles
Investigation of the effect of press and paper variables on linting during the offset printing of newsprint, TAPPI JOURNAL September 2007
Investigation of the effect of press and paper variables on linting during the offset printing of newsprint, TAPPI JOURNAL September 2007
Journal articles
Relationship Between Gloss and Surface Texture of Coated Papers, TAPPI JOURNAL April 2008
Relationship Between Gloss and Surface Texture of Coated Papers, TAPPI JOURNAL April 2008
Journal articles
Application of lipase to reduce ONP flotation rejects: Part 2. Reduction of flotation rejects, TAPPI JOURNAL, August 2008
Application of lipase to reduce ONP flotation rejects: Part 2. Reduction of flotation rejects, TAPPI JOURNAL, August 2008