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Effects of different ammonium lignosulfonate contents on the crystallization, rheological behaviors, and thermal and mechanical properties of ethylene propylene diene monomer/polypropylene/ammonium lignosulfonate composites, TAPPI Journal January 2020
ABSTRACT: Thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), made from ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) and polypropylene (PP) based on reactive blending, has an excellent processing performance and characteristics and a wide range of applications. However, there are currently no reports in the literature regarding the usage of TPE in making composite boards. In this paper, EPDM, PP, and ammonium lignosulfonate (AL) were used as the raw materials, polyethylene wax was used as the plasticizer, and a dicumyl peroxide vulcanization system with dynamic vulcanization was used to make a new kind of composite material. This research studied the influences of the AL contents on the crystallization behaviors, rheological properties, thermal properties, and mechanical properties of the composites. The results showed that the AL content had a noticeable impact on the performance of the composite board. Accordingly, this kind of composite material can be used as an elastomer material for the core layer of laminated flooring.
Journal articles
Magazine articles
Synthesis of filtrate reducer from biogas residue and its application in drilling fluid, TAPPI Journal March 2020
ABSTRACT: Biogas residues (BR) containing cellulose and lignin are produced with the rapid development of biogas engineering. BR can be used to prepare the filtrate reducer of water-based drilling fluid in oilfields by chemical modification. BR from anaerobically fermenting grain stillage was alkalized and etherified by caustic soda and chloroacetic acid to prepare filtrate reducer, which was named as FBR. The long-chain crystalline polysaccharides were selected as dispersing agents (DA), and the water-soluble silicate was used as the cross-linking agent. After the hot rolling of FBR in saturated saltwater base mud for 16 h at 120°C, the filtration loss was increased from 7.20 mL/30 min before aging to 8.80 mL/30 min after aging. Compared with the commercial filtrate reducers, FBR had better tolerance to high temperature and salt, and lower cost.
Journal articles
Magazine articles
Characterization of chia plant (Salvia hispanica) for pulping, TAPPI Journal October 2020
ABSTRACT: In this paper, chia plant was characterized in terms of chemical, morphological, and anatomical properties. Chia plant was characterized with low a-cellulose (30.5%); moderate lignin (23.2%) with syringyl to guaiacyl ratio of 1.41; and shorter fiber length (0.67 mm) with thinner cell wall (1.91 µm) and good flexibility coefficient (71.44). Anatomical features showed that chia plant consists of vessels, fibers, parenchyma cells, and collenchyma cells. Chia plant pulping was evaluated in soda-anthraquinone (soda-AQ) and formic acid/peroxyformic acid (FA/PFA) processes. Chia plant was difficult to delignify in the alkaline process. The FA/PFA process produced higher pulp yield at the same kappa number than the soda-AQ process. Unbleached soda-AQ chia pulp exhibited good properties in terms of tensile, bursting, and tearing strengths, even at the unrefined stage, due to high drainability of the pulps. Alkaline peroxide bleached FA/PFA pulp exhibited better papermaking properties and 2% higher brightness than the D0(EP)D1 bleached soda-AQ pulp.
Journal articles
Magazine articles
A hundred years of corrosion in the pulp and paper industry, TAPPI JOURNAL May 2018
A hundred years of corrosion in the pulp and paper industry, TAPPI JOURNAL May 2018
Journal articles
Magazine articles
Laboratory method for determining the source of brightness loss at a southern United States bleached paperboard mill, TAPPI Journal October 2018
Laboratory method for determining the source of brightness loss at a southern United States bleached paperboard mill, TAPPI Journal October 2018
Journal articles
Investigating the causes of severe economizer tube thinning in a spent sulfite liquor (SSL) boiler, TAPPI Journal August 2026
ABSTRACT: In this study, the causes of tube thinning in the economizer of an ammonia-based spent sulfite liquor (SSL) boiler in a Canadian pulp mill are investigated. The tube thinning was most severe in the upper tube rows of the lowest economizer sections where the tube surface temperature ranges between about 180°C and 210°C. The location, the temperature range, and the results of a tube failure analysis indicate that some form of corrosion- erosion is the main cause for the tube thinning. The process is likely initiated by the formation of potassium bisulfate in tube deposits. We hypothesize that some areas in the economizer, including gaps in tube shields, have allowed for temporary buildup of deposits that were not fully removed by sootblowing. Potassium bisulfate is highly hygroscopic, so it readily absorbs moisture, forming an acidic solution leading to corrosion. The corrosion products are removed by the erosive effects of high velocity gas movement, causing the tube thinning. The high-speed fluid flow may be a result of sootblower action and/or enhanced flue gas velocity due to channeling. The tube thinning eventually leads to perforation and leakage.
Journal articles
Examination of scoring parameters of corrugated fiberboard, TAPPI Journal August 2026
ABSTRACT: One of the less interrogated aspects of corrugated packaging are scoring and scoring profiles, the intentional localized crushing of flutes to accommodate package folding and closure. This study explores the effect of scoring parameters on box compression test strength (BCT) of two balanced corrugated boards. Scoring differences produced BCT that varied by 10% for one board and less for the other board. Parameters from 4-point bending of scored specimens showed some correlation with BCT, while eccentricity and torsion parameters had less correlation. Different scores produced BCT differences that were not strongly predicted by most standard tests in the current study, implying other tests may be needed to examine the actual boundary conditions on a box during compression. In a few cases, aggressive scoring produced cracked score lines, and those containers had lower BCT than containers with uncracked score lines.
Journal articles
Editorial: New research sheds light on critical processes in the recovery cycle, TAPPI Journal July
The chemical recovery cycle has been called the backbone of a kraft pulp mill, making modern paper production both economically and environmentally sustainable. It regenerates pulping chemicals (primarily sodium hydroxide and sodium sulfide) used to separate wood fibers, allowing them to be reused rather than continuously replaced, while also recovering energy by burning the organic components of black liquor to produce steam and electricity that supply much of the mill’s power needs. In addition, the recovery cycle minimizes waste, reduces emissions, and recovers valuable by-products, creating a highly efficient closedloop system. Without this process, chemical costs, energy consumption, and environmental impacts would increase, making large-scale kraft pulping significantly less economical and sustainable.
Journal articles
Modern NCG practice, TAPPI Journal July 2026
ABSTRACT: New innovations have been put in operation for collection and handling systems of noncondensable gases (NCGs) in modern kraft pulp mills. This work investigates technologies in new pulp mills that aim to achieve the benefits of odor-free processes while enhancing chemical circulation within the mill. It describes and discusses both past and current systems for collecting and handling NCGs. The mills studied have designed and implemented their NCG systems within the past 10 to 15 years. New innovations have emerged, offering promising methods to further reduce occasional sulfurous odor emissions from the kraft process. These methods explore pretreatment and sulfuric gas stream reuse options in process units where these gases are generated or during the transportation of these side streams to their final destruction site. Using modern practices outlined in this paper, malodorous gases can be collected to the extent that a kraft pulp mill is essentially odor-free pending operator errors or major equipment malfunctions. One of the difficult aspects is that NCG systems in kraft mills are often designed case-by-case, as well as by various equipment vendors and with varying numbers of destruction sites. The actual detailed design depends on the chosen layout, process configuration depending on individual equipment purchased, and even on the design practices of individual suppliers.
Journal articles
Magazine articles
Evaluation of novel drum chipper technology: pilot-scale production of short wood chips, TAPPI Journal October 2019
ABSTRACT: Impregnation of wood chips with acidic pulping liquors is improved when using short chip lengths. If the average wood chip length is too short, conventional chipping technology will generate excess small material, such as pin chips and fines. The possibility of using newly developed drum chipping technology to produce short-length wood chips was evaluated with a pilot drum chipper operating at different drum velocities and in-feed angles. With a drum velocity of 30 m/s, the average wood chip lengths and the combined fractions of pin chips and fines were 24 mm and 3.3%, 22 mm and 4.2%, and 17 mm and 8.5%. The highest fractions of total accept chips (large and small accepts), 89% to 90% without screening, were observed for drum velocities of 30•34 m/s and average wood chips lengths of 21•22 mm. The results indicate the potential of drum chipping technology for producing short wood chips with relatively high fractions of accept chips and tolerable fractions of pin chips and fines.