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An evaluation of household tissue softness, TAPPI Journal February 2021
ABSTRACT: This study extends our 2019 paper, a study of the softness of household tissues using a tissue softness analyzer (TSA) and hand-felt panels. It revisits the softness theory of Holger Hollmark by applying a reciprocal matrix approach to measure sheet bulk softness and surface softness, and then make comparisons with the results obtained using a TSA instrument. We ascertained that there was a high correlation of R=0.904 between panel-corrected hand-felt (CHF) softness and TSA softness (TSA-HF); and a low correlation of R=-0.678 between panel-corrected hand-felt surface softness (CHSS) and TSA smoothness (TS-750). Three hunches about TSA measurements were confirmed: 1) Hollmark’s theory was confirmed by a high correlation coefficient (R=0.895) between CHF and CHSS softness, indicating that the two parameters are mutually dependent; 2) TS-750 differs from CHSS and has partial influence on TSA-HF results with a correlation of R = -0.510; and 3) although TS-750 has only limited influences on TSA-HF, further opportunities for their application can be provided using pertinent regression equations.
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Continuous tannin extraction by use of screw reactor, TAPPI Journal February 2021
ABSTRACT: A pilot-size screw reactor (extraction unit) was used for tannin extraction of spruce. Yield of the same magnitude or better was obtained when comparing a screw reactor with batch reactors. A longer presoaking time in water seemed to be better than a short one for obtaining higher yield. A higher yield is obtained with lower dry-water ratio, which suggests that the internal diffusion in bark does not determine mass transfer as much as is the case without presoaking of bark. The higher dry-water ratio decreased the yield. The prior soaking of the bark also minimized the mechanical reactor feeding problems (clogging). The benefits of a screw reactor likely are that run time changes for different process conditions are flexible; it simplifies design and construction of an industrial unit for tannin production; and it saves space because of the need for fewer and smaller intermediate storage tanks.
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Evaluation of rice straw for purification of lovastatin, TAPPI Journal November 2021
ABSTRACT: Cholesterol synthesis in the human body can be catalyzed by the coenzyme HMG-CoA reductase, and lovastatin, a key enzyme inhibitor, can reduce hypercholesterolemia. Lovastatin can be obtained as a secondary metabolite of Aspergillus terreus ATCC 20542. In this study, rice straw of lignocellulose was used in aeration and agitation bath fermentation in a 1-L flask, and a maximal crude extraction rate of 473 mg/L lovastatin was obtained. The crude extract was treated with silica gel (230–400 mesh) column chromatography. Ethyl acetate/ethanol (95%) was used as the mobile phase, and isolation was performed through elution with various ethyl acetate/ethanol ratios. The highest production rate of 153 mg/L was achieved with ethyl acetate/ethanol in a ratio of 8:2. The lovastatin gained from the crude extract was added to 12 fractions treated with 0.001 N alkali, and acetone was then added. After 24 h of recrystallization at 4°C, the extract underwent high-performance liquid chromatography. The purity had increased from 25% to 84.6%, and the recovery rate was 65.2%.
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Influence of pallet pattern on top-to-bottom compression performance of unitized loads, TAPPI Journal
ABSTRACT: Environmental scaling factors estimate a corrugated container’s ability to withstand various conditions it will encounter during the storage and distribution process. In this project, we examined the compressive resistance of unitized loads using differing pallet stacking patterns. To simulate real-world failure scenarios in our laboratory tests, we used two different nominal board grades of single-wall C-flute regular slotted containers loaded with a plywood panel and bagged salt to direct the failure location to the bottom of the stack. Our results showed that the columnar aligned pattern provided the greatest compressive resistance and the interlocked stacking arrangement yielded the lowest of the patterns evaluated. Based on the study results, we calculated box compression retention multipliers for each pattern and compared them to scaling factors published by the Fibre Box Association.
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Editorial: Industry coating expert Gregg Reed joins TAPPI Journal editorial board, TAPPI Journal Nov
ABSTRACT: TAPPI and the TAPPI JOURNAL (TJ) editorial staff would like to welcome a new member to the TJ editorial board, Gregg Reed, Ph.D., technical support leader at Imerys in Gray, GA. In his current position, Gregg develops new mineral and specialty coating products for paper and packaging applications and manages customer requests, including pilot trials. He also supervises the activities of technicians and chemists in the laboratory.
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Does the kappa number method accurately reflect lignin content in nonwood pulps?, TAPPI Journal November 2018
Does the kappa number method accurately reflect lignin content in nonwood pulps?, TAPPI Journal November 2018
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Removal of silicon from green liquor with low-temperature precausticizing, TAPPI JOURNAL January 2017
Removal of silicon from green liquor with low-temperature precausticizing, TAPPI JOURNAL January 2017
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Estimating limits of wet pressing on paper machines, TAPPI JOURNAL February 2017
Estimating limits of wet pressing on paper machines, TAPPI JOURNAL February 2017
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Novel thin functional coatings for paper by foam coating, T
Novel thin functional coatings for paper by foam coating, TAPPI JOURNAL April 2017
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Melt-blown compostable polyester films with lignin, TAPPI J
Melt-blown compostable polyester films with lignin, TAPPI JOURNAL March 2017