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Journal articles
Predicting internal stresses in center-wound rolls with an u
Predicting internal stresses in center-wound rolls with an undriven nip roller, TAPPI JOURNAL, June 1991, Vol. 74(6)
Journal articles
Strategies for preventive maintenance in a modern pulp and paper mill, TAPPI JOURNAL, June 1991, Vol. 74(6)
Strategies for preventive maintenance in a modern pulp and paper mill, TAPPI JOURNAL, June 1991, Vol. 74(6)
Journal articles
Adaptive inferential control of kraft batch digesters as bas
Adaptive inferential control of kraft batch digesters as based on pulping liquor analysis, TAPPI JOURNAL, June 1991, Vol. 74(6)
Journal articles
Exponentially weighted schemes for continuous processes cont
Exponentially weighted schemes for continuous processes control, TAPPI JOURNAL, June 1991, Vol. 74(6)
Journal articles
Pitch deposit awareness and control, TAPPI JOURNAL, June 199
Pitch deposit awareness and control, TAPPI JOURNAL, June 1991, Vol. 74(6)
Journal articles
Planning now for the next paper industry growth cycle, TAPPI
Planning now for the next paper industry growth cycle, TAPPI JOURNAL, May 1991, Vol. 74(5)
Journal articles
Gas turbine considerations in the pulp and paper industry, T
Gas turbine considerations in the pulp and paper industry, TAPPI JOURNAL, March 1991, Vol. 74(3)
Journal articles
A new generation of fibrillated acrylic fiber for high-performance nonwovens and specialty composites, TAPPI JOURNAL, May 1991, Vol. 74(5)
A new generation of fibrillated acrylic fiber for high-performance nonwovens and specialty composites, TAPPI JOURNAL, May 1991, Vol. 74(5)
Journal articles
Forming fabrics for spunlace applications, TAPPI JOURNAL, Ma
Forming fabrics for spunlace applications, TAPPI JOURNAL, May 1991, Vol. 74(5)
Journal articles
Data-efficient determination of machine-specific process windows in thermoforming using the example of PCR materials, TAPPI Journal July 2025
ABSTRACT: In an industrial context, process windows for thermoplastics in thermoforming processes are still often determined through time-consuming trial-and-error approaches. This results in increased effort when commissioning new machines, implementing new technologies, or substituting sheet materials. One key reason is the lack of methods that allow for efficient, process-related assessment of material behavior and a quantitative definition of a “target state” of the heated sheet in relation to geometry and process conditions. In this study, we present the In-Situ Thermoforming Characterization (ITC) method as an application-oriented approach that enables format-independent evaluation of material behavior directly within the forming station of a thermoforming system. The method was successfully applied to a material substitution case, replacing conventional virgin polypropylene (PP) with post-consumer recyclate (PCR) — in this case, recycled PP (rPP) — in the production of a defined cup geometry. The results enabled the transfer of existing process knowledge from the virgin material to the recyclate, thereby accelerating material qualification. Based on the collected data, material behavior under process conditions could be mapped within the design space, making it possible to identify machine settings that deliver equivalent forming results in our test setup. Overall, the method shows strong potential for efficient and precise determination of machine-specific process windows.