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Journal articles
Open Access
Biomass gasification for green ammonia production in kraft mills, TAPPI Journal September 2026

ABSTRACT: As the global energy sector transitions toward net-zero emissions, kraft pulp mills present a compelling opportunity to produce green fuels and achieve net-negative emissions by capturing biogenic carbon, helping offset hard-to-abate sectors. This study explores the techno-economics of integrating biomass gasification for green ammonia production within kraft mills, using KraftSIM modeling to evaluate ammonia production, steam balance, emissions, and utility impacts. The proposed design enables energy and water system integration with the existing mill and allows for a gradual scale-up without disrupting the chemistry and operation of the recovery cycle. Across five scenarios representing different biomass gasification rates ranging from 100 to 1000 bone-dry metric tons per day (BDMT/d), the process yields ammonia at approximately 0.51 metric tons per bone-dry metric ton (t/ BDMT), while generating significant low- and medium-pressure steam and hot water that offset mill utility demands. The incineration of pressure swing adsorption tail gas and ammonia plant purge gas in the power boiler reduces biomass combustion and enhances power boiler efficiency. Economic analysis suggests a net revenue potential of approximately CA$380/BDMT, which could increase with the implementation of biogenic carbon pricing. Overall profitability is strongly influenced by biomass procurement costs, electricity prices, and prevailing green fuel and chemical market premium. This work outlines a practical, near-term decarbonization pathway for kraft mills by coupling green fuel production with potential opportunities for carbon removal.

Journal articles
Open Access
Study of a model of cellulose depolymerization in the hypochlorite bleaching stage, TAPPI JOURNAL April 1988 88APR157

Study of a model of cellulose depolymerization in the hypochlorite bleaching stage, TAPPI JOURNAL April 1988

Journal articles
Open Access
DTPMPA: polyamino polyphosphonic acid and its use in paper related processes-Part 2: paper production from silicate-free pulp bleached with DTPMPA as a stabilizer, TAPPI JOURNAL August 1988

DTPMPA: polyamino polyphosphonic acide and its use in paper related processes-Part 2: paper production from silicate-free pulp bleached with DTPMPA as a stabilizer, TAPPI JOURNAL August 1988

Journal articles
Open Access
Acid-insoluble and acid-soluble lignin characteristics in kraft pulping of hybrid salix clones, TAPPI JOURNAL August 1988

Acid-insoluble and acid-soluble lignin characteristics in kraft pulping of hybrid salix clones, TAPPI JOURNAL August 1988

Journal articles
Open Access
Nonwood fiber: Number 2, and trying harder-An interview with Dr. Joseph E. Atchison, TAPPI JOURNAL August 1988

Nonwood fiber: Number 2, and trying harder-An interview with Dr. Joseph E. Atchison, TAPPI JOURNAL August 1988

Journal articles
Open Access
Fibers properties and tearing resistance, TAPPI JOURNAL February 1988 88FEB103

Fibers properties and tearing resistance, TAPPI JOURNAL February 1988

Journal articles
Open Access
Using the Drainage Time to evaluate Mechanical Pulps, February 1988, TAPPI Journal 88FEB115

Using the drainage time to evaluate mechanical pulps, TAPPI JOURNAL February 1988

Journal articles
Open Access
Oxygen bleaching of kraft pulp: high consistency vs. medium consistency, TAPPI JOURNAL February 1988 88FEB47

Oxygen bleaching of kraft pulp: high consistency vs. medium consistency, TAPPI JOURNAL February 1988

Journal articles
Open Access
Process chemistry and control of rapid-displacement heating, TAPPI JOURNAL February 1988 88FEB51

Process chemistry and control of rapid-displacement heating, TAPPI JOURNAL February 1988

Journal articles
Open Access
Ultra-high-solids evaporation of black liquor, TAPPI JOURNAL February 1988 88FEB61

Ultra-high-solids evaporation of black liquor, TAPPI JOURNAL February 1988

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