Search
Use the search bar or filters below to find any TAPPI product or publication.
Filters
Content Type
Publications
Level of Knowledge
Committees
Collections
Journal articles
Magazine articles
Editorial: Snapshot from the pandemic: TAPPI Journal Editorial Board shares their experiences, TAPPI Journal April 2020
ABSTRACT: In this most serious time of the global COVID-19 pandemic, I and TAPPI staff have been fortunate to work remotely and practice social distancing. The same goes for our Editorial Board. Still, the business of papermaking has continued, and those on our Board who support the industry through their work and research have had to make adjustments. Here, members of the Editorial Board share their experiences of working during the pandemic. As we all anticipate returning to a new normal that once again allows face-to-face interaction, we hope our TAPPI Journal readers stay safe and healthy as we all personally and professionally navigate this challenging time.
Journal articles
Magazine articles
On increasing wet-web strength with adhesive polymers, TAPPI JOURNAL February 2020
ABSTRACT: Fiber-fiber adhesion, called “bonding” in the old paper physics literature, is a critical component of the overall strength of dry paper. With freshly formed very wet pulp fiber webs, all evidence suggests there are no fiber-fiber crossings with significant adhesive joint strength. With water removal, a point will be reached where fiber-fiber adhesion starts to contribute to the overall wet-web strength.The literature reveals very few examples of polymers that increase fiber-fiber joint strength in freshly formed webs. Here, we summarize the literature and explain why it is so difficult to promote fiber-fiber wet adhesion with polymers. Nevertheless, ongoing research in areas as diverse as tissue engineering scaffolds and biomimetic adhesives gives clues to future developments. Advances in paper machine engineering have lessened the importance of wet-web strength. By contrast, a critical issue in many of the evolving nanocellulose technologies is the strength of objects first formed by aqueous processing, the green strength—the strength of wet bodies before drying. For exam-ple, 3-D printed nanocellulose objects and ultralow density cellulosic aerogels can be destroyed by capillary forces during drying. There is a need for adhesives that strengthen freshly formed, wet lignocellulosic joints.
Journal articles
Magazine articles
Investigation on the recycling of sulfuric acid from pretreatment of cellulose for nanocellulose preparation, TAPPI JOURNAL February 2020
ABSTRACT: Sulfuric acid is often used to pretreat cellulose prior to homogenization and conversion to nanocellulose. It would be economically significant to reuse the acid to close the overall value chain loop. The target of this work was to investigate the effect of recovery and recycling frequency of sulfuric acid from the pretreatments on the pretreatment yield of water-insoluble cellulose solid residue, and to explore the relationship between the nanocellulose size prepared by recovery of acid and number of cycles. The surface properties of the nanocelluloses were measured, including content of sulfate groups, absolute zeta potential, crystallinity, and thermal stability.
Journal articles
Magazine articles
Effects of different ammonium lignosulfonate contents on the crystallization, rheological behaviors, and thermal and mechanical properties of ethylene propylene diene monomer/polypropylene/ammonium lignosulfonate composites, TAPPI Journal January 2020
ABSTRACT: Thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), made from ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) and polypropylene (PP) based on reactive blending, has an excellent processing performance and characteristics and a wide range of applications. However, there are currently no reports in the literature regarding the usage of TPE in making composite boards. In this paper, EPDM, PP, and ammonium lignosulfonate (AL) were used as the raw materials, polyethylene wax was used as the plasticizer, and a dicumyl peroxide vulcanization system with dynamic vulcanization was used to make a new kind of composite material. This research studied the influences of the AL contents on the crystallization behaviors, rheological properties, thermal properties, and mechanical properties of the composites. The results showed that the AL content had a noticeable impact on the performance of the composite board. Accordingly, this kind of composite material can be used as an elastomer material for the core layer of laminated flooring.
Journal articles
Magazine articles
Synthesis of filtrate reducer from biogas residue and its application in drilling fluid, TAPPI Journal March 2020
ABSTRACT: Biogas residues (BR) containing cellulose and lignin are produced with the rapid development of biogas engineering. BR can be used to prepare the filtrate reducer of water-based drilling fluid in oilfields by chemical modification. BR from anaerobically fermenting grain stillage was alkalized and etherified by caustic soda and chloroacetic acid to prepare filtrate reducer, which was named as FBR. The long-chain crystalline polysaccharides were selected as dispersing agents (DA), and the water-soluble silicate was used as the cross-linking agent. After the hot rolling of FBR in saturated saltwater base mud for 16 h at 120°C, the filtration loss was increased from 7.20 mL/30 min before aging to 8.80 mL/30 min after aging. Compared with the commercial filtrate reducers, FBR had better tolerance to high temperature and salt, and lower cost.
Journal articles
Magazine articles
Fundamental understanding of removal of liquid thin film trapped between fibers in the paper drying process: A microscopic approach, TAPPI Journal May 2020
ABSTRACT: In the fabrication of paper, a slurry with cellulose fibers and other matter is drained, pressed, and dried. The latter step requires considerable energy consumption. In the structure of wet paper, there are two different types of water: free water and bound water. Free water can be removed most effectively. However, removing bound water consumes a large portion of energy during the process. The focus of this paper is on the intermediate stage of the drying process, from free water toward bound water where the remaining free water is present on the surfaces of the fibers in the form of a liquid film. For simplicity, the drying process considered in this study corresponds to pure convective drying through the paper sheet. The physics of removing a thin liquid film trapped between fibers in the paper drying process is explored. The film is assumed to be incompressible, viscous, and subject to evaporation, thermocapillarity, and surface tension. By using a volume of fluid (VOF) model, the effect of the previously mentioned parameters on drying behavior of the thin film is investigated.
Journal articles
Deinking evaluation using near infrared narrow band digital
Deinking evaluation using near infrared narrow band digital image analysis, TAPPI JOURNAL August 2016
Journal articles
Magazine articles
Laboratory method for determining the source of brightness loss at a southern United States bleached paperboard mill, TAPPI Journal October 2018
Laboratory method for determining the source of brightness loss at a southern United States bleached paperboard mill, TAPPI Journal October 2018
Journal articles
Magazine articles
Assessing variation in package modeling, TAPPI Journal April 2021
ABSTRACT: Predictions from empirical models are affected by variability in the input parameters for the data set used to build the models. For corrugated boxes, the difference between actual and modeled compression strength creates a real cost associated with box production, often resulting in boxes that may need to be over-designed to compensate for a lack of model precision. No work to date has attempted to assess the limitation in these compression estimates due to input parameter testing variability. In this paper we approach that problem, initially for the McKee equation and then conceptually for other box models. For our industry to do a better job at meeting the needs of our corrugated packaging customers, we need to reduce the variation in the tests we all rely on, particularly for evaluating material strength (edge crush test [ECT]) and package compression performance (box compression test [BCT]).
Journal articles
Physico-mechanical and ethylene scavenging properties of active packaging from Bambusa fibers modified with TiO2 /Cu2O composite, TAPPI Journal February 2026
ABSTRACT: The physico-mechanical and ethylene scavenging properties of active packaging consisting of paper prepared from bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris) fibers loaded with varying concentrations of nano titanium dioxide/cuprous oxide (TiO2/Cu2O) composite was investigated for its ability to delay ripening of Philippine climacteric fruits. Tests of paper containing 1% to 5% TiO2/Cu2O showed no or limited negative impact on its physical, optical, and mechanical properties. Images from a field emission scanning electron microscope equipped with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (FESEM-EDS) showed dispersion and agglomeration of TiO2/Cu2O nanoparticles on the paper surface. The percent weight of titanium and copper increased with increasing metal oxide composite concentration used in this study. Attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy indicated small shifts in band intensity at 3330 cm-1 and 1100 cm-1 in the hydroxyl (O-H) and C-O regions, respectively, suggesting possible chemical or physical interactions between the metal oxide and paper. Contact angle measurement suggest- ed that TiO2/Cu2O nanoparticles may have imparted paper hydrophobicity at 3% & 5% concentration, possibly through increased microscale roughness. The ethylene scavenging experiment indicated that there was a significant delay in the ripening process of mango and tomato when packed in paper doped with 3% and 5% TiO2/Cu2O. The fruits were greener with a firmer texture compared with untreated control after three days of storage under natural light and ambient condition. The preliminary results suggested that 3% &5% TiO2/Cu2O active packaging modification can remove ethylene from the fruit's storage environment, extending shelf life and maintain quality for three days. This simple technique could have potential economic benefits for the fruit industry by directly reducing post-harvest waste, and the delayed ripening could provide flexibility in supply chain management.