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Journal articles
Open Access
ABSTRACT: Lignin’s potential as a source of sustainable aromatic compounds is significant, but its utilization is currently limited by its chemical reactivity. Chemical reactivity of lignin depends on the present functional groups, such as hydroxyl, metho

ABSTRACT: Lignin’s potential as a source of sustainable aromatic compounds is significant, but its utilization is currently limited by its chemical reactivity. Chemical reactivity of lignin depends on the present functional groups, such as hydroxyl, methoxy, and carbonyl groups. Therefore, in this study, multivariate analysis-based chemometric models have been developed for rapid determination of aliphatic hydroxyl (Alp-OH) and phenolic hydroxyl (Ph-OH) groups in lignin samples. Two chemometric models, principal component regression (PCR) and partial least squares regression (PLSR), were established with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectral data of 28 lignin samples. Both the models were developed based on raw and pretreated spectroscopic data with Savitky-Golay (S-G) filtering and standard normal variate (SNV) and multiplicative scatter correction (MSC). The predictive performance of the PLSR model is better for predicting Alp-OH (R2 = 0.94%), syringyl-OH (R2 = 0.96%), guaiacyl-OH (R2 = 0.98%), p-hydroxyphenyl (R2 = 0.93%), and total Ph-OH groups (R2 = 0.97%) with the data pretreated by MSC. Finally, the predicted results of these parameters for three new samples for the developed models are found to be very close to the estimated values by NMR.

Journal articles
Open Access
Effect of pulp refining on thixotropy of cellulose fiber suspensions, TAPPI Journal September 2025

ABSTRACT: This paper presents results on the thixotropic behavior of low-consistency bleached eucalyptus fiber suspensions that had been mechanically treated. The pulps were refined in a PFI mill at different numbers of revolutions (0, 3000, and 6000) to study the effect of refining intensity on the viscosity time-response of fiber suspensions. In steady rheological tests, all the suspensions exhibited shear thinning behavior and no significant differences were observed after mechanical treatment. Stepwise experiments showed that viscosity continuously increased with time when shear rate was suddenly reduced. Additionally, a delay in time evolution of viscosity was observed as the pulp was more refined. A stretched exponential model was fitted to the experimental results of viscosity.

Journal articles
Open Access
Effects of biopolymer coatings on paper permeability and capillarity for paper-based rapid diagnostic test devices, TAPPI Journal September 2025

ABSTRACT: Rapid diagnostic test (RDT) devices are widely used for diagnostics due to their affordability, portability, and user-friendliness. However, conventional assays typically rely on nitrocellulose membranes and plastic casings. These materials raise environmental concerns due to their non-renewable nature, energy-intensive production methods, and poor biodegradability. This study explores the development of fully bio-based RDT substrates using a sustainable alternative: softwoodderived microfibrillated cellulose (MFC), cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), and chitosan as surface modifiers to improve paper properties and enhance RDT sustainability. Cotton filter paper substrates were coated with different biopolymer formulations using a manual blade coater: bleached MFC (BMFC), lignin-containing MFC (LMFC), BMFC combined with CNC, LMFC combined with CNC, and chitosan. Evaluation of the most relevant physical properties concerning RDT performance was conducted, including wetting, water retention value, air permeability, capillary flow rate, and surface morphology. Results showed that biopolymer- based coatings can effectively modify surface properties by reducing pore size and tuning hydrophilicity, while maintaining the renewable and bio-based characteristics of the substrate. The LMFC-coated paper exhibited the best overall performance among all formulations, reducing flow time by 50% (3.00 mm/s vs. 1.5 mm/s) compared to the uncoated paper, yet preserving high water retention. The BMFC+CNC coating also significantly improved flow rate, showing a 36.7% reduction (2.37 mm/s vs. 1.5 mm/s), and enhanced porosity uniformity. In contrast, the flow rate of chitosan-coated paper decreased by over 5,000% (0.027 mm/s), reflecting its strong barrier properties and hydrophobic surface (highest contact angle: 91.4°). These findings suggest that MFC-based coatings are promising ecofriendly alternatives to nitrocellulose, offering optimized capillary transport and structural adaptability. This paves the way for the development of sustainable, high-performance, rapid diagnostic tests.

Journal articles
Open Access
Toward environmental resilience in pulp and paper manufacturing: Water consumption and carbon dioxide emission reductions, TAPPI Journal September 2025

ABSTRACT: Pulp and paper manufacturing is a water- and energy-intensive industrial sector, necessitating improvement of its operational efficiency, as well as reduction of emissions to the maximum extent possible. This review focuses on the reduction of water consumption and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions that originate in the pulp and paper industry (PPI). First, process simulation and optimization techniques used for water consumption reduction are reviewed. Then, techno-economic analyses of solvent-based CO2 capture from PPI are discussed. Additionally, key actions are proposed for enhancing water consumption reduction and CO2 capture in PPI.

Journal articles
Open Access
Slitting on the Corrugator with a Thin Blade Against a Slott

Slitting on the Corrugator with a Thin Blade Against a Slotted Anvil, 1990 Corrugated Containers Conference Proceedings

Journal articles
Open Access
Minimize Pains, Strains, and Back Problems by Applying Simpl

Minimize Pains, Strains, and Back Problems by Applying Simplified Biomechanics, 1992 Corrugated Containers Conference Proceedings

Journal articles
Open Access
Color Measurements of Prints of Varying Hue and Gloss Using

Color Measurements of Prints of Varying Hue and Gloss Using Spectrophotometers with Three Different Geometries, 1995 Corrugated Containers Conference Proceedings

Journal articles
Open Access
Development and Application of a Real-Time Recovery Boiler E

Development and Application of a Real-Time Recovery Boiler Expert System, 1991 Engineering Conference Proceedings

Journal articles
Open Access
Recovery of Sulfur from Spent Semichemical Pulping Liquors,

Recovery of Sulfur from Spent Semichemical Pulping Liquors, 1991 Engineering Conference Proceedings

Journal articles
Open Access
Performance of High Vacuum Dewatering Elements in the Formin

Performance of High Vacuum Dewatering Elements in the Forming Section, 1993 Engineering Conference Proceedings

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