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Journal articles
Open Access
The sintering tendency of recovery boiler precipitator dust, Solutions! & TAPPI JOURNAL, October 2004, Vol. 3(10) (535KB)

The sintering tendency of recovery boiler precipitator dust, Solutions! & TAPPI JOURNAL, October 2004, Vol. 3(10) (535KB)

Journal articles
Open Access
Recycling potential of bagasse and wheat straw pulps, Solutions! & TAPPI JOURNAL, September 2004, Vol. 3(9) (745KB)

Recycling potential of bagasse and wheat straw pulps, Solutions! & TAPPI JOURNAL, September 2004, Vol. 3(9) (745KB)

Journal articles
Open Access
Changes of paper properties of nonwood pulp on recycling, Solutions! & TAPPI JOURNAL, July 2003, Vol. 2(7) (105KB)

Changes of paper properties of nonwood pulp on recycling, Solutions! & TAPPI JOURNAL, July 2003, Vol. 2(7) (105KB)

Journal articles
Open Access
The kraft pulping properties of Canadian red and sugar maple, Solutions! & TAPPI JOURNAL, June 2003, Vol. 2(6) (823KB)

The kraft pulping properties of Canadian red and sugar maple, Solutions! & TAPPI JOURNAL, June 2003, Vol. 2(6) (823KB)

Journal articles
Open Access
Evaluation of a laser-optical resin particle counter, Solutions! & TAPPI JOURNAL, March 2003, Vol. 2(3) (239KB)

Evaluation of a laser-optical resin particle counter, Solutions! & TAPPI JOURNAL, March 2003, Vol. 2(3) (239KB)

Journal articles
Open Access
A novel device to measure pulp fiber hydrodynamics, Solutions! & TAPPI JOURNAL, March 2003, Vol. 2(3) (225KB)

A novel device to measure pulp fiber hydrodynamics, Solutions! & TAPPI JOURNAL, March 2003, Vol. 2(3) (225KB)

Journal articles
Open Access
Improvement of ASA sizing efficiency using hydrophobically modified and acid-hydrolyzed starches, TAPPI JOURNAL & Solutions! December 2004, (259KB)

Improvement of ASA sizing efficiency using hydrophobically modified and acid-hydrolyzed starches, TAPPI JOURNAL & Solutions! December 2004, (259KB)

Journal articles
Open Access
Chip properties analysis for predicting bleaching agent requirements for TMP pulps,TAPPI JOURNAL & Solutions! December 2004

Chip properties analysis for predicting bleaching agent requirements for TMP pulps,TAPPI JOURNAL & Solutions! December 2004

Journal articles
Open Access
Beating-induced yellowing of tcf- and ecf-bleached pulps alexander, Solutions! & TAPPI JOURNAL, January 2004, Vol. 3(1) (124KB)

Beating-induced yellowing of tcf- and ecf-bleached pulps alexander, Solutions! & TAPPI JOURNAL, January 2004, Vol. 3(1) (124KB)

Open Access
SCC susceptibility of chromized type 409 stainless steel in alkaline chloride solutions at ambient temperature and pressure, TAPPI Journal August 2023

ABSTRACT: Biomass hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) is operated in a harsh reaction medium that contains hot pressurized water, inorganic acidic or basic catalyst, and inorganic/organic corrosive components released during the conversion. Candidate alloys for this application require suitable resistance to both corrosion and stress corrosion cracking (SCC) to withstand the HTL process conditions (250°C•374°C and 4•22 MPa). Ferritic iron-chromium (Fe-Cr) steels are more prone to corrosion but less susceptible to SCC compared to austenitic iron-chromium-nickel (Fe-Cr-Ni) steels. Chromizing can significantly reduce corrosion of Type 409 stainless steel (Fe-11Cr) in a simulated aqueous HTL solution. The objective of this study is to determine the SCC susceptibility of chromized Type 409 stainless steel, relative to the bare (non-chromized) case. The slow strain rate testing (SSRT) technique was used for this purpose. For simplicity of experimentation, SSRT was conducted using simulated HTL water containing 800 ppm potassium chloride (KCl), 1 M potassium carbonate (K2CO3), and 10 wt% acetic acid at ambient temperature and pressure. Complementary potentiodynamic polarization measurements and surface analysis by X-ray photoelectron spectros-copy (XPS) were also made to help interpret the SSRT results. The SSRT results show no significant difference in SCC susceptibility, regardless of the starting surface. Thus, chromizing, while significantly reducing the corrosion of Type 409 stainless steel, does not adversely affect SCC susceptibility, at least under the conditions tested.

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