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Journal articles
Raman microscopy in lateral mapping of chemical and physical composition of paper coating, Solutions! & TAPPI JOURNAL, September 2004, Vol. 3(9) (3KB)
Raman microscopy in lateral mapping of chemical and physical composition of paper coating, Solutions! & TAPPI JOURNAL, September 2004, Vol. 3(9) (3KB)
Journal articles
Determination of kappa number reduction in pulp and COD in bleach plant effluents using multiwavelength spectrometry and multivariate calibration, Solutions! & TAPPI JOURNAL, January 2003 (743KB)
Determination of kappa number reduction in pulp and COD in bleach plant effluents using multiwavelength spectrometry and multivariate calibration, Solutions! & TAPPI JOURNAL, January 2003 (743KB)
Journal articles
Influence of cooking variables in the organosolv pulping of wheat straw using mixtures of ethanol, acetone, and water, Solutions! & TAPPI JOURNAL, January 2003 (653KB)
Influence of cooking variables in the organosolv pulping of wheat straw using mixtures of ethanol, acetone, and water, Solutions! & TAPPI JOURNAL, January 2003 (653KB)
SCC susceptibility of chromized type 409 stainless steel in alkaline chloride solutions at ambient temperature and pressure, TAPPI Journal August 2023
ABSTRACT: Biomass hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) is operated in a harsh reaction medium that contains hot pressurized water, inorganic acidic or basic catalyst, and inorganic/organic corrosive components released during the conversion. Candidate alloys for this application require suitable resistance to both corrosion and stress corrosion cracking (SCC) to withstand the HTL process conditions (250°C•374°C and 4•22 MPa). Ferritic iron-chromium (Fe-Cr) steels are more prone to corrosion but less susceptible to SCC compared to austenitic iron-chromium-nickel (Fe-Cr-Ni) steels. Chromizing can significantly reduce corrosion of Type 409 stainless steel (Fe-11Cr) in a simulated aqueous HTL solution. The objective of this study is to determine the SCC susceptibility of chromized Type 409 stainless steel, relative to the bare (non-chromized) case. The slow strain rate testing (SSRT) technique was used for this purpose. For simplicity of experimentation, SSRT was conducted using simulated HTL water containing 800 ppm potassium chloride (KCl), 1 M potassium carbonate (K2CO3), and 10 wt% acetic acid at ambient temperature and pressure. Complementary potentiodynamic polarization measurements and surface analysis by X-ray photoelectron spectros-copy (XPS) were also made to help interpret the SSRT results. The SSRT results show no significant difference in SCC susceptibility, regardless of the starting surface. Thus, chromizing, while significantly reducing the corrosion of Type 409 stainless steel, does not adversely affect SCC susceptibility, at least under the conditions tested.
Journal articles
Experimental and statistical investigation of drying effects on coated offset paper quality, Solutions! & TAPPI JOURNAL, July 2004, Vol. 3(7) (494KB)
Experimental and statistical investigation of drying effects on coated offset paper quality, Solutions! & TAPPI JOURNAL, July 2004, Vol. 3(7) (494KB)
Journal articles
Effects of CNCG burning on lime composition and SO2 emissions from a lime kiln, Solutions! & TAPPI JOURNAL, July 2004, Vol. 3(7) (197KB)
Effects of CNCG burning on lime composition and SO2 emissions from a lime kiln, Solutions! & TAPPI JOURNAL, July 2004, Vol. 3(7) (197KB)
Journal articles
Magazine articles
SCC susceptibility of chromized type 409 stainless steel in alkaline chloride solutions at ambient temperature and pressure, TAPPI Journal August 2023
ABSTRACT: Biomass hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) is operated in a harsh reaction medium that contains hot pressurized water, inorganic acidic or basic catalyst, and inorganic/organic corrosive components released during the conversion. Candidate alloys for this application require suitable resistance to both corrosion and stress corrosion cracking (SCC) to withstand the HTL process conditions (250°C•374°C and 4•22 MPa). Ferritic iron-chromium (Fe-Cr) steels are more prone to corrosion but less susceptible to SCC compared to austenitic iron-chromium-nickel (Fe-Cr-Ni) steels. Chromizing can significantly reduce corrosion of Type 409 stainless steel (Fe-11Cr) in a simulated aqueous HTL solution. The objective of this study is to determine the SCC susceptibility of chromized Type 409 stainless steel, relative to the bare (non-chromized) case. The slow strain rate testing (SSRT) technique was used for this purpose. For simplicity of experimentation, SSRT was conducted using simulated HTL water containing 800 ppm potassium chloride (KCl), 1 M potassium carbonate (K2CO3), and 10 wt% acetic acid at ambient temperature and pressure. Complementary potentiodynamic polarization measurements and surface analysis by X-ray photoelectron spectros-copy (XPS) were also made to help interpret the SSRT results. The SSRT results show no significant difference in SCC susceptibility, regardless of the starting surface. Thus, chromizing, while significantly reducing the corrosion of Type 409 stainless steel, does not adversely affect SCC susceptibility, at least under the conditions tested.
Journal articles
Influence of silica and alumina oxide on coating structure and print quality of ink-jet papers, TAPPI JOURNAL & Solutions! February 2005, Vol. 4(2) (376 KB)
Influence of silica and alumina oxide on coating structure and print quality of ink-jet papers, TAPPI JOURNAL & Solutions! February 2005, Vol. 4(2) (376 KB)
Journal articles
Guidelines for integrity evaluation and remaining life assessment of recovery boilers - CENIBRA's experience, TAPPI JOURNAL & Solutions! February 2005, Vol. 4(2) (815KB)
Guidelines for integrity evaluation and remaining life assessment of recovery boilers - CENIBRA's experience, TAPPI JOURNAL & Solutions! February 2005, Vol. 4(2) (815KB)
Journal articles
Measuring moisture, fiber, and titanium dioxide in pulp with impedance spectroscopy, TAPPI JOURNAL & Solutions! February 2005, Vol. 4(2) (577KB)
Measuring moisture, fiber, and titanium dioxide in pulp with impedance spectroscopy, TAPPI JOURNAL & Solutions! February 2005, Vol. 4(2) (577KB)