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Magazine articles
Open Access
1995 TAPPI foundation/af&pa conference: paper industry research challenges, TAPPI JOURNAL, April 1996, Vol. 79(4)

1995 TAPPI foundation/af&pa conference: paper industry research challenges, TAPPI JOURNAL, April 1996, Vol. 79(4)

Magazine articles
Open Access
Catastrophic failure of cast iron dryer roll caused by severe erosion resulting from spoiler bar failures, TAPPI JOURNAL, April 1996, Vol. 79(4)

Catastrophic failure of cast iron dryer roll caused by severe erosion resulting from spoiler bar failures, TAPPI JOURNAL, April 1996, Vol. 79(4)

Magazine articles
Open Access
In-plant corrosion testing in chlorine dioxide environments, TAPPI JOURNAL, February 1996, Vol. 79(2)

In-plant corrosion testing in chlorine dioxide environments, TAPPI JOURNAL, February 1996, Vol. 79(2)

Magazine articles
Open Access
The global wood fiber equation - a new world order?, TAPPI JOURNAL, January 1996, Vol. 79(1)

The global wood fiber equation - a new world order?, TAPPI JOURNAL, January 1996, Vol. 79(1)

Magazine articles
Open Access
Vision of the future, TAPPI JOURNAL, November 1996, Vol. 79(11)

Vision of the future, TAPPI JOURNAL, November 1996, Vol. 79(11)

Magazine articles
Open Access
A visit to mount st. helens; meta lake illustrates natural recovery following volcanic eruption, TAPPI JOURNAL, April 1994, Vol. 77(4)

A visit to mount st. helens; meta lake illustrates natural recovery following volcanic eruption, TAPPI JOURNAL, April 1994, Vol. 77(4)

Magazine articles
Open Access
Emerging pulping and chlorine-free bleaching technologies: in search of the ideal pulp mill, TAPPI JOURNAL, July 1991, Vol. 74(7)

Emerging pulping and chlorine-free bleaching technologies: in search of the ideal pulp mill, TAPPI JOURNAL, July 1991, Vol. 74(7)

Magazine articles
Open Access
Corrosion of metallic and nonmetallic piping for bleach-plant d-stage filtrate, TAPPI JOURNAL, June 1991, Vol. 74(6)

Corrosion of metallic and nonmetallic piping for bleach-plant d-stage filtrate, TAPPI JOURNAL, June 1991, Vol. 74(6)

Magazine articles
Open Access
Hot-melt adhesive development and the proliferation of raw materials, TAPPI JOURNAL, September 1991, Vol. 74(9)

Hot-melt adhesive development and the proliferation of raw materials, TAPPI JOURNAL, September 1991, Vol. 74(9)

Journal articles
Magazine articles
Open Access
External fibrillation of wood pulp, TAPPI Journal June 2023

ABSTRACT: Pulp refining produces external fibrillation consisting of fibrils tethered to fiber surfaces, in addition to loose fibrils and fines. Both contribute to a larger bonding area that increases paper strength, but tethered fibrils have less likelihood of being washed out during papermaking. This study postulates the mechanism by which refining produces external fibrillation and the optimum conditions for doing so.The postulated mechanism is surface abrasion during sliding of fibers in refiner gaps. External fibrillation occurs when forces are great enough to partially dislodge fibrils from fiber surfaces, but not large enough to break the fibrils. The refining intensities to achieve these forces were determined by a mathematical model and experiments using a laboratory disc refiner. The optimum intensities in terms of specific edge load (SEL) for chemical pulps were about 0.1 J/m for hardwoods and 1.0 J/m for softwoods. An extension of this study suggested that abrasion may also account for most of the energy consumed in the mechanical pulping process.

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