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Quantification of hardwood black liquor contamination in pine black liquor, TAPPI Journal February 2024
ABSTRACT: The presence of hardwood black liquor contamination in pine black liquor can negatively impact brownstock washer and evaporator operation, as well as reduce soap separation and yield. It is also believed to negatively impact commercial kraft lignin production. It was desired to develop a method of quantitatively determining the amount of low-level hardwood liquor contamination in pine black liquor. A method employing pyrolysis-gas chromatography mass spectrometry (py-GCMS) was developed to perform the desired measurement. Laboratory cooks with carefully controlled blends of pine and hardwood chips were prepared, and the resulting liquor was measured using this technique. Additionally, samples of pine and hardwood black liquors were blended in known quantities and analyzed. All these samples were submitted as blind samples. The resulting analysis suggests the py-GCMS method was able to accurately determine the level of hardwood contamination between 1% to 10% hardwood liquor using a low-level calibration curve prepared with coniferyl alcohol and sinapyl alcohol as standards.
Journal articles
Magazine articles
Tetraethyl orthosilicate-containing dispersion coating — water vapor and liquid water barrier properties, TAPPI Journal September 2021
ABSTRACT: An aqueous styrene-butadiene latex dispersion coating containing in-situ processed tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) applied on paperboard demonstrated improved water barrier performance. Coatings containing TEOS equivalent to 0.8% silicon dioxide (SiO2; dry basis) exhibited water vapor performance of < 25 g/m2/day (23°C, 50% relative humidity [RH]) and liquid water barrier performance Cobb 1800 s of < 6 g/m2, when applied as a single-layer 18 g/m2 coating. Cobb 1800 s barrier performance was still good (< 11 g/m2) at coat weights of 7•10 g/m2. The use of filler materials such as kaolin improved the vapor barrier properties of the coating, but this was not critical to the liquid water barrier properties.
Journal articles
Magazine articles
Commercially relevant water vapor barrier properties of high amylose starch acetates: Fact or fiction?, TAPPI Journal September 2021
ABSTRACT: Starches have recently regained attention as ecofriendly barrier materials due to the increased demand for sustainable packaging. They are easily processable by conventional plastics processing equipment and have been utilized for oil and grease barrier applications. While starches have excellent oxygen barrier properties and decent water barrier properties at low relative humidity (RH), they are moisture sensitive, as demonstrated by the deterioration of the barrier properties at higher RH values. Starch esters are chemically modified starches where the hydroxyl group of the starch has been substituted by other moieties such as acetates. This imparts hydrophobicity to starches and has been claimed as a good way of retaining water vapor barrier properties of starches, even at high RH conditions. We studied the water vapor barrier properties of one class of starch esters, i.e., high amylose starch acetates that were assumed to have good water vapor barrier properties. Our investigations found that with a high degree of substitution of hydroxyl groups, the modified starches did indeed show improvements in water vapor response as compared to pure high amylose starch films; however, the barrier properties were orders of magnitude lower than commercially used water vapor barriers like polyethylene. Even though these materials had improved water vapor barrier response, high amylose starch acetates are likely unsuitable as water vapor barriers by themselves, as implied by previous literature studies and patents.
Journal articles
MACT portion of the cluster rule, TAPPI JOURNAL, February 1998, Vol. 81(2)
MACT portion of the cluster rule, TAPPI JOURNAL, February 1998, Vol. 81(2)
Journal articles
Third-party financing of pulp and paper mill steam, power, and utility sssets, TAPPI JOURNAL, January 1998, Vol. 81(1)
Third-party financing of pulp and paper mill steam, power, and utility sssets, TAPPI JOURNAL, January 1998, Vol. 81(1)
Journal articles
Industry characteristics and investment decisions: an alternative approach to pulp and paper production, TAPPI JOURNAL, January 1998, Vol. 81(1)
Industry characteristics and investment decisions: an alternative approach to pulp and paper production, TAPPI JOURNAL, January 1998, Vol. 81(1)
Journal articles
Setting the record straight, TAPPI JOURNAL, July 1998, Vol. 81(7)
Setting the record straight, TAPPI JOURNAL, July 1998, Vol. 81(7)
Journal articles
New opportunities in the South American pulp and paper business, TAPPI JOURNAL, June 1998, Vol. 81(6)
New opportunities in the south american pulp and paper business, TAPPI JOURNAL, June 1998, Vol. 81(6)
Journal articles
Design guidelines for continuous emissions monitors and predictive emissions monitors, TAPPI JOURNAL, March 1998, Vol. 81(3)
Design guidelines for continuous emissions monitors and predictive emissions monitors, TAPPI JOURNAL, March 1998, Vol. 81(3)
Journal articles
Improving industrial powerhouse operations with an energy management system, TAPPI JOURNAL, March 1998, Vol. 81(3)
Improving industrial powerhouse operations with an energy management system, TAPPI JOURNAL, March 1998, Vol. 81(3)