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Journal articles
A comparison of five optical surface topography measurement methods 15-Jan-27
A comparison of five optical surface topography measurement methods, TAPPI JOURNAL January 2015
Journal articles
Case Histories of Three Yankee Cracking Incidents Associated
Case Histories of Three Yankee Cracking Incidents Associated with Shell Edge Extensions, 1991 Engineering Conference Proceedings
Journal articles
Magazine articles
Can carbon capture be a new revenue opportunity for the pulp and paper sector?, TAPPI Journal August 2021
ABSTRACT: Transition towards carbon neutrality will require application of negative carbon emission technologies (NETs). This creates a new opportunity for the industry in the near future. The pulp and paper industry already utilizes vast amounts of biomass and produces large amounts of biogenic carbon dioxide. The industry is well poised for the use of bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS), which is considered as one of the key NETs. If the captured carbon dioxide can be used to manufacture green fuels to replace fossil ones, then this will generate a huge additional market where pulp and paper mills are on the front line. The objective of this study is to evaluate future trends and policies affecting the pulp and paper industry and to describe how a carbon neutral or carbon negative pulp and paper production process can be viable. Such policies include, as examples, price of carbon dioxide allowances or support for green fuel production and BECCS implementation. It is known that profitability differs depending on mill type, performance, energy efficiency, or carbon dioxide intensity. The results give fresh understanding on the potential for investing in negative emission technologies. Carbon capture or green fuel production can be economical with an emission trade system, depending on electricity price, green fuel price, negative emission credit, and a mill’s emission profile. However, feasibility does not seem to evidently correlate with the performance, technical age, or the measured efficiency of the mill.
Journal articles
Magazine articles
Modeling and parameter optimization of the papermaking processes by using regression tree model and full factorial design, TAPPI Journal February 2021
ABSTRACT: One of the major challenges in the pulp and paper industry is taking advantage of the large amount of data generated through its processes in order to develop models for optimization purposes, mainly in the papermaking, where the current practice for solving optimization problems is the error-proofing method. First, the multiple linear regression technique is applied to find the variables that affect the output pressure controlling the gap of the paper sheet between the rod sizer and spooner sections, which is the main cause of paper breaks. As a measure to determine the predictive capacity of the adjusted model, the coefficient of determination (R2) and s values for the output pressure were considered, while the variance inflation factor was used to identify and eliminate the collinearity problem. Considering the same amount of data available by using machine learning, the regression tree was the best model based on the root mean square error (RSME) and R2. To find the optimal operating conditions using the regression tree model as source of output pressure measurement, a full factorial design was developed. Using an alpha level of 5%, findings show that linear regression and the regression tree model found only four independent variables as significant; thus, the regression tree model demonstrated a clear advantage over the linear regression model alone by improving operating conditions and demonstrating less variability in output pressure. Furthermore, in the present work, it was demonstrated that the adjusted models with good predictive capacity can be used to design noninvasive experiments and obtain.
Journal articles
Magazine articles
Editorial: Agility and adaptation in a dynamic business world, TAPPI Journal January 2021
ABSTRACT: Being agile and adaptive in this current business world is both necessary and beneficial. Throughout last year, we all continued to both directly and indirectly experience the dynamic world where we live. As we wll know, in early 2020 the pandemic gained momentum and has fundamentally altered our daily lives, both personally in how we live and professionally in how we work.
Journal articles
Magazine articles
Spraying starch on the Fourdrinier— An option between wet end starch and the size press, TAPPI Journal January 2021
ABSTRACT: Technology to apply suspensions of starch grains to the wet surface of paper, during the dewatering process, is reviewed. Though the technology is not new, it continues to attract the attention of papermakers as a means to increase bonding strength. Starch grains that are sprayed onto the wet-web of paper can be retained at levels exceeding what can be effectively added to the fiber suspension at the wet end. Unlike adding a starch solution at a size press, no additional drying capacity is required on the paper machine. To be effective, the starch needs to be able to swell and develop bonding during the paper drying process. Paperboard applications with recycled fibers appear to be a good fit. There is potential to increase bonding by processes that favor fuller gelatinization of the starch grains by the time the paper becomes dry.
Journal articles
Magazine articles
Understanding wet tear strength at varying moisture content in handsheets, TAPPI Journal January 2021
ABSTRACT: A laboratory study was conducted looking at the effects of moisture content on wet tear strength in handsheets. Three different wetting techniques were used to generate the wet tear (Elmendorf-type) data at varying moisture levels, from TAPPI standard conditions (dry) to over 60% moisture content (saturated). Unbleached hardwood and softwood fiber from full-scale kraft pulp production were used. The softwood fiber was refined using a Valley beater to reduce freeness. Handsheets were made with a blend of hardwood and softwood and with refined softwood, without the addition of wet-end chemistry. The resulting grams-force tear data obtained from the test was indexed with basis weight and plotted versus both moisture content and dryness. As moisture content levels in the handsheets increased, the wet tear strength also increased, reaching a critical maximum point. This marked a transition point on the graph where, beyond a critical moisture content level, the tear strength began to decline linearly as moisture increased. This pattern was repeated in handsheets made from a blend of hardwood and softwood and from 100% refined softwood.
Journal articles
Magazine articles
The effect of microfibrillated cellulose on the wet-web strength of paper, TAPPI Journal January 2021
ABSTRACT: The wet-web strength of paper immediately after the press section of a paper machine is a critical factor in determining machine runnability. However, it is difficult to determine at commercial scale, because the web has to be broken and production interrupted in order to obtain a sample for measurement. The use of microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) is believed to increase wet-web strength, as it has allowed filler level increases of 10% or more on many commercial paper machines. In this paper, we describe a laboratory method for estimating the effect of MFC on wet sheet strength after press-ing, as well as actual measurements of wet-web strength from a pilot paper machine trial. These experiments have demonstrated the positive effect of MFC. At solids contents in the range typically observed after pressing, sheets with MFC at fixed filler content are significantly stronger, but also wetter, than those without it. When the use of MFC is combined with a typical increase in filler content, the wet web remains slightly stronger, but also becomes drier than the reference condition. These results are compatible with the theory put forward by van de Ven that wet-web strength is mainly a result of friction between entangled fibers, and they also suggest that the presence of MFC increases this friction.
Journal articles
Effect of xylan on the mechanical performance of softwood kraft pulp 2D papers and 3D foams, TAPPI Journal March 2025
ABSTRACT: Pulp fibers are paramount in paper products and have lately seen emerging use in fiber foams. Xylan, an integral component in pulp fibers, is known to contribute to paper strength, but its effect on the strength of pulp fiber foams remains less explored. In this study, we investigate the role of xylan in both 2D handsheets and 3D foams. For a softwood kraft pulp, we enzymatically removed 1% from pulp fibers and added 3% xylan to them by adsorption, corresponding to approximately a decrease of a tenth and an increase of a third of the total xylan content. The mechanical properties of 2D fiber networks, i.e., handsheets, made using the xylan-enriched pulp improved, particularly regarding tensile strength and Young’s modulus; however, the decrease in mechanical properties of handsheets made from enzymatically- treated xylan-depleted pulp was more pronounced. In 3D networks • pulp fiber foams, much less fiber-fiber contacts formed, and thus the mechanical properties were not as much influenced by removal of xylan. Furthermore, the presence of the required surfactant on the fibers, acting as debonding agent, overshadows any positive effect xylan might have on fiber-fiber bonding. We propose that the improved mechanical properties for the sheets result from a combination of an increased number of fiber-fiber bonds and higher sheet density, while the deterioration in mechanical properties of handsheets comprising enzymatically-treated fibers is caused by the opposite effect.
Journal articles
The effect of filler location on the drainage, pressing, and drying of pulp and paper, TAPPI JOURNAL, August 1997, Vol. 80(8)
The effect of filler location on the drainage, pressing, and drying of pulp and paper, TAPPI JOURNAL, August 1997, Vol. 80(8)