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Journal articles
A reciprocal matrix approach to the analysis of hand-felt softness of facial tissues, TAPPI JOURNAL March 2011
A reciprocal matrix approach to the analysis of hand-felt softness of facial tissues, TAPPI JOURNAL March 2011
Journal articles
Through-air drying of tissue and towel grades, TAPPI JOURNAL, April 1999, Vol. 82(4)
Through-air drying of tissue and towel grades, TAPPI JOURNAL, April 1999, Vol. 82(4)
Journal articles
How to maximize the dry crepe process, TAPPI JOURNAL, August 1994, Vol. 77(8)
How to maximize the dry crepe process, TAPPI JOURNAL, August 1994, Vol. 77(8)
Journal articles
The effect of fibrous fines on tissue properties, TAPPI JOURNAL February 1988 88FEB99
The effect of fibrous fines on tissue properties, TAPPI JOURNAL February 1988
Journal articles
Humidity and its effect on thermal efficiency of Yankee hoods, TAPPI JOURNAL July 1988
Humidity and its effect on thermal efficiency of Yankee hoods, TAPPI JOURNAL July 1988
Journal articles
A brominated methylethylhydantoin slimicide in a tissue mill, TAPPI JOURNAL, May 2003, Vol. 2(5) (179KB)
A brominated methylethylhydantoin slimicide in a tissue mill, TAPPI JOURNAL, May 2003, Vol. 2(5) (179KB)
Journal articles
Magazine articles
A study of the softness of household tissues using a tissue softness analyzer and hand-felt panels, TAPPI Journal March 2019
ABSTRACT: This study applied the reciprocal matrix approach to deduce the correlation between hand-felt (HF) and tissue softness analyzer (TSA) instrumental measurements of tissue softness. The research was conducted in three phases, which are discussed separately. In the phase one study, results indicated that systematic collection of samples and preparation of test specimens were the foundation of successful tests. TSA-HF and tensile strength exhibited a strong negative correlation. In the future, same-unit physical properties can provide a basis for discuss-ing the commonality and complementary natures of hand-felt and TSA softness measurements. In phase two, through the reciprocal matrix approach, subjective softness assessments performed by humans were reliably quan-tified. The quantified values were further applied to a statistical analysis using the t-test to distinguish and train pro-fessional panelists. In phase three of HF panel test results, all independent panels were compared to one another under a uniform scale established by four standard samples. The calibrated HF panel values were incorporated with TSA-HF results to establish technical curves between the softness and tensile strength, which were helpful for onsite workers to carry out process controls.
Journal articles
Tissue roll handling with an agvs, TAPPI JOURNAL, February 2000, Vol. 83(2)
Tissue roll handling with an agvs, TAPPI JOURNAL, February 2000, Vol. 83(2)
Journal articles
Magazine articles
Quantification of the degree of preference for different tissue products based on a hand-felt tissue test panel, TAPPI Journal May 2023
ABSTRACT: In this study, we successfully established a quantification model to determine the preference (PF) for different tissue products based on the results of a hand-felt tissue testing panel. The panel ascertained that products designed with four-ply tissues provided higher total tensile strength (TTS) and hand-felt surface softness (HSS) than did those of the three-ply, two-ply, and single-ply products.When practically tested with a tissue softness analyzer (TSA), the four-ply tissue product had a softness (TSA-HF) advantage; however, in human panel tests, more than half of the participants could not be sure of the hand-felt bulk softness (HBS) of the four-ply tissue product. This was mainly because when using the four-ply tissue, the hand-held test pad gave an overall perception distinctly different from those of the hand-held two- or three-ply products, which also differed from the flattened state of test pieces used in the instrumental softness tests. Users could distinctly feel that a product was safer (better TTS) and more comfortable (higher hand-held surface softness). Thus, the four-ply tissue product was accorded a higher preference.
Journal articles
Magazine articles
An evaluation of household tissue softness, TAPPI Journal February 2021
ABSTRACT: This study extends our 2019 paper, a study of the softness of household tissues using a tissue softness analyzer (TSA) and hand-felt panels. It revisits the softness theory of Holger Hollmark by applying a reciprocal matrix approach to measure sheet bulk softness and surface softness, and then make comparisons with the results obtained using a TSA instrument. We ascertained that there was a high correlation of R=0.904 between panel-corrected hand-felt (CHF) softness and TSA softness (TSA-HF); and a low correlation of R=-0.678 between panel-corrected hand-felt surface softness (CHSS) and TSA smoothness (TS-750). Three hunches about TSA measurements were confirmed: 1) Hollmark’s theory was confirmed by a high correlation coefficient (R=0.895) between CHF and CHSS softness, indicating that the two parameters are mutually dependent; 2) TS-750 differs from CHSS and has partial influence on TSA-HF results with a correlation of R = -0.510; and 3) although TS-750 has only limited influences on TSA-HF, further opportunities for their application can be provided using pertinent regression equations.