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Characterization and evaluation of antioxidation of lignin from bamboo powder using a formic acid-catalyzed ethanol organosolv process, TAPPI JOURNAL January 2019
Characterization and evaluation of antioxidation of lignin from bamboo powder using a formic acid-catalyzed ethanol organosolv process, TAPPI JOURNAL January 2019
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Nano-magnesium oxide as hard template synthesis of lignin carbon-based solid acids and its application for cellulose hyrdrolysis, TAPPI JOURNAL January 2019
Nano-magnesium oxide as hard template synthesis of lignin carbon-based solid acids and its application for cellulose hyrdrolysis, TAPPI JOURNAL January 2019
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Editorial: Let's talk tissue!, TAPPI Journal July 2019
ABSTRACT: In this issue of TAPPI Journal (TJ), researchers Olejnik and Pelczynski of Lodz University of Technology in Poland and researcher Bloch of the University of Gre-noble Alpes in France use an experimental device to measure the liquid absorption properties of tissue (p. 417). The device, called the eXtended liquid penetration analyzer (XLPA), was initially built at the Institute of Papermaking and Printing at the University of Lodz. Results from the study published here showed that the XLPA measurements were in good agreement with the ISO 12625:-8:2010 standard measurements. The researchers believe this method could ultimately help mills characterize the liquid absorption of their tissue in a better and faster manner.
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Kraft pulp bleaching with a P-stage catalyzed by both bicarbonate and TAED, TAPPI Journal July 2019
ABSTRACT: Peroxide bleaching of softwood and hardwood (eucalypt) kraft pulps was performed in solutions of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), and sodium hydroxide (NaOH). The conventional P stage (hydrogen peroxide + sodium hydroxide; H2O2 + NaOH) was the most effective brightening system without an additional activator. However, peroxide activation by bicarbonate anion (HCO3•) was obvious in all cases where NaHCO3 or Na2CO3 was used. When N,N,N’,N’-tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) was added to the bleaching sys-tem, Na2CO3 as the alkali source afforded equal or slightly higher bleached brightness compared to NaOH usage for both the softwood and hardwood pulps. This outcome is attributed to simultaneous peroxide activation by HCO3• and TAED. When applied to the eucalypt pulp, the H2O2/Na2CO3/TAED bleaching system also decreased the bright-ness loss due to thermal reversion.
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Enhancement of processability, surface, and mechanical properties of paper based on rice straw pulp using biopolymers for packaging applications, TAPPI Journal July 2019
ABSTRACT: wo biopolymers, chitosan and oxidized starch, were used as wet-end additives to improve the strength properties of the paper because of their biodegradable and non-hazardous qualities. The present study reports the improvement in surface and strength properties of packaging-grade paper made with rice straw pulp using biopolymers, chitosan, oxidized starch, and surface sizing added at the wet end of the paper machine.Use of chitosan at all doses from 0.5 to 10 kg/ton enhanced important surface and strength properties of paper. The breaking length, tear index, burst index, ring crush strength, stretch, tensile energy absorption index, and Taber stiff-ness of the paper with 10 kg/ton of chitosan as a wet-end additive showed 22%, 14%, 20%, 59%, 16%, 44%, and 48% improvement, respectively, in comparison to control, (i.e, without its addition). The Cobb60 was also reduced by 45%, showing better resistance to water in comparison to rice straw paper alone. The effects of chitosan added at the wet end on the paper surface were investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The use of 10 kg/ton of chitosan at the wet end reduced the color and total suspended solids in the back water of the papermak-ing system by 55% and 51%, respectively. Further enhancement in the surface and strength properties of paper was observed following surface sizing with oxidized starch.
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Fundamental molecular characterization and comparison of the O, D0, and E stage effluents from hardwood pulp bleaching, TAPPI Journal 2019
ABSTRACT: The present study characterized effluents from the O, D0, and E stages using nuclear magnetic reso-nance (NMR) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC) techniques to better understand the chemical nature of the dissolved organics formed from the bleaching of a high-yield hardwood kraft pulp. Understanding the structures and molecular weight distribution of these organics is the first step in developing methods to mitigate these contam-inates in the discharged effluents. The results indicated that the molecular weight distribution (MWD) of the dis-solved organics from oxygen delignification effluent is broader than those from D0 and E stage effluents. In addition, the O stage filtrate contained considerable amounts of lignin and xylan fragments, which showed its efficiency in removing such materials. The effluent from the D0 stage contained a lower amount of high molecular weight frag-ments and a higher amount of low molecular weight fragments versus the O-stage filtrate. Aromatic structures were nearly absent in the D0 stage filtrate, but the degraded organic material, presumably from oxidized lignin, contained olefinic (C=C) and carbonyl (C=O) functional groups. Furthermore, higher molecular weight fragments were detected in the E-stage effluent, presumably due to the extensive solubilization and removal of the oxidized lignin generated from the D0 pulp.
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The sticky behavior of pulp and paper mill biosludge during drying, TAPPI Journal June 2019
ABSTRACT: Pulp and paper mill biosludge becomes sticky after being dried to a certain solids content. As bio-sludge becomes sticky, it agglomerates and adheres to the heat transfer surfaces of the dryer. This undesirable property can lower the dryer efficiency and cause the drying equipment to fail.A systematic study was conducted to examine the sticky behavior of biosludge. The stickiness was evaluated by measuring the adhesive force between a sludge cake and a stainless steel substrate, and the cohesive force between a sludge cake and a sludge substrate. The results show that: i) both adhesive and cohesive forces increase markedly as the solids content increases, reaching a maximum value at about 13% solids, and then decrease steadily at a high-er solids content; ii) cohesive force is stronger than adhesive force, implying that biosludge tends to agglomerate rather than adhere to smooth equipment surfaces; and iii) mixing wood fines or fly ash from a biomass boiler reduc-es the stickiness of the mixture. These findings may help mills improve the thermal efficiency of biosludge dryers and to turn biosludge into a more attractive fuel for burning in biomass boilers.
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Fabrication of cross-linked starch-based nanofibrous mat with optimized diameter, TAPPI JOURNAL June 2019
ABSTRACT: The design and synthesis of natural and synthetic polymer blends have received recent and wide attention. These new biomaterials exhibit progress in properties required in the field of medicine and healthcare. Herein, the aim of present study is to fabricate starch (ST)/polyacrylic acid (PAA) electrospun nanofibrous mat with a smooth and uniform morphology, lowest fiber diameter (below 100 nm) and the highest possible starch content. Starch itself is poor in process-ability, and its electrospinning could be quite a challenging process. To address this, we carried out the response surface methodology (RSM) technique for modelling the electrospinning process. In order to have ST/PAA nanofibers with the finest possible diameter, optimized processing parameters (applied volt-age, nozzle-collector distance and feed rate) obtained from RSM technique were applied. ST/PAA electrospun nano-fibers with an average diameter of 74±13 nm were successfully achieved via the electrospinning method for the first time. The structure, preparation and properties of the nanofibrous structure were discussed. Results indicated that drug loaded ST/PAA blend nanofibrous structure has a great potential to be used in controlled drug release systems.
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Large data set analysis to determine refiner plate total cost of ownership, TAPPI Journal June 2019
ABSTRACT: Efficient process data storage and its subsequent analysis are vital to the profitable operation of a paper mill. An evaluation of refiner plate performance was conducted for an integrated paper mill. Trials with two new plate patterns were compared with the incumbent pattern; the goal was to increase refiner plate life. Plate life increased with both new design patterns, and the mill selected one of the two new choices. However, addi-tional impacts to paper machine performance and mill maintenance costs were not considered in the selection deci-sion. A large data set analysis tool was used to identify unrealized savings of 1.5% with reduced fiber usage (basis weight) on the paper machine’s most prevalent grade. The large data analysis indicated that this unrealized benefit with the alternate plate design was not attainable with the chosen plate design.
Journal articles
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Editorial: TAPPI Journal 2018 Best Research Paper delves deeper into press section rewet to address drying efficiency, TAPPI Journal March 2019
ABSTRACT: TAPPI and the TAPPI Journal (TJ) Editorial Board would like to congratulate the authors of the 2018 TAPPI Journal Best Research Paper Award: J. David “Dave” McDonald and Richard J. “Dick” Kerekes. Their paper, “Rewet in wet pressing of pa-per,” appeared on p. 479 of the September 2018 issue. This research was recognized by the Editorial Board for its in-novation, creativity, scientific merit, and clear expression of ideas.