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Cross-flow separation characteristics and piloting of graphene oxide nanofiltration membrane sheets and tubes for kraft black liquor concentration, TAPPI Journal September 2023
ABSTRACT: Dewatering of weak black liquor (WBL) in the kraft cycle by evaporation is highly energy intensive. Membranes are an attractive alternative for energy-efficient dewatering, but existing commercial polymeric or ceramic membranes are either degraded in BL or have high capital costs. Our recent works have demonstrated the engineering of graphene oxide (GO) nanofiltration membranes, their stability and promising performance in BL conditions, and preliminary scale-up into sheets and tubes. Here, we describe in detail the separation characteristics of GO membrane sheets and tubes under real BL conditions and crossflow operation. Recycle-mode piloting of a GO tubular membrane showed average “production flux” of 16 L/m2/h (LMH) and high rejections of lignin (98.3%), total solids (66%), and total organic carbon (83%), with no signs of irreversible fouling identified. A corresponding GO sheet membrane produced an average flux of ~25 LMH and maintained high lignin rejection of ~97% during a slipstream pilot at a kraft mill site using WBL with ~16 wt% total solids (TS). Finally, we piloted a Dow/DuPont XUS1808 polyamide composite reverse osmosis (RO) membrane for last-mile processing of the GO nanofiltration membrane permeate. The RO membrane showed a steady state flux of 19 LMH at 65 bar and produced ~0.02 wt% TS water product, which is highly suitable for reuse in pulp washing operations in the kraft process. The results have strong positive implications for the industrial application of GO membranes in BL concentration and other related applications.
Journal articles
Field test of sodium bicarbonate and liquid CO2 use for accelerating char bed cooling, TAPPI JOURNAL, January 2003 (998KB)
Field test of sodium bicarbonate and liquid CO2 use for accelerating char bed cooling, Solutions! & TAPPI JOURNAL, January 2003 (998KB)
Journal articles
Determination of kappa number reduction in pulp and COD in bleach plant effluents using multiwavelength spectrometry and multivariate calibration, Solutions! & TAPPI JOURNAL, January 2003 (743KB)
Determination of kappa number reduction in pulp and COD in bleach plant effluents using multiwavelength spectrometry and multivariate calibration, Solutions! & TAPPI JOURNAL, January 2003 (743KB)
Journal articles
Influence of cooking variables in the organosolv pulping of wheat straw using mixtures of ethanol, acetone, and water, Solutions! & TAPPI JOURNAL, January 2003 (653KB)
Influence of cooking variables in the organosolv pulping of wheat straw using mixtures of ethanol, acetone, and water, Solutions! & TAPPI JOURNAL, January 2003 (653KB)
Journal articles
Virtual bleach plants, part 2: unified clo2 and cl2 bleaching model, TAPPI JOURNAL, July 2003, Vol. 2(7) (141KB)
Virtual bleach plants, part 2: unified clo2 and cl2 bleaching model, Solutions! & TAPPI JOURNAL, July 2003, Vol. 2(7) (141KB)
Journal articles
Changes of paper properties of nonwood pulp on recycling, Solutions! & TAPPI JOURNAL, July 2003, Vol. 2(7) (105KB)
Changes of paper properties of nonwood pulp on recycling, Solutions! & TAPPI JOURNAL, July 2003, Vol. 2(7) (105KB)
Journal articles
Maximization of profit through optimal selection of inventory levels and production rates in pulp and paper mills, TAPPI JOURNAL, July 2003, Vol. 2(7) (166KB)
Maximization of profit through optimal selection of inventory levels and production rates in pulp and paper mills, Solutions! & TAPPI JOURNAL, July 2003, Vol. 2(7) (166KB)
Journal articles
Characterization of kenaf by chemimechanical pulping, Solutions! & TAPPI JOURNAL, June 2003, Vol. 2(6) (418KB)
Characterization of kenaf by chemimechanical pulping, Solutions! & TAPPI JOURNAL, June 2003, Vol. 2(6) (418KB)
Journal articles
The kraft pulping properties of Canadian red and sugar maple, Solutions! & TAPPI JOURNAL, June 2003, Vol. 2(6) (823KB)
The kraft pulping properties of Canadian red and sugar maple, Solutions! & TAPPI JOURNAL, June 2003, Vol. 2(6) (823KB)
Journal articles
Evaluation of a laser-optical resin particle counter, Solutions! & TAPPI JOURNAL, March 2003, Vol. 2(3) (239KB)
Evaluation of a laser-optical resin particle counter, Solutions! & TAPPI JOURNAL, March 2003, Vol. 2(3) (239KB)