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Magazine articles
Experiments and visualization of sprays from beer can and turbo liquor nozzles, TAPPI Journal February 2022
ABSTRACT: Industrial scale swirl-type black liquor nozzles were studied using water as the test fluid. Simple water spraying experiments were found to be very beneficial for studying and comparing nozzles for black liquor spraying. These kinds of experiments are important for finding better nozzle designs. Three nozzle designs were investigated to understand the functional differences between these nozzles. The pressure loss of nozzle 1 (“tangential swirl”) and nozzle 3 (“turbo”) were 97% and 38% higher compared to nozzle 2 (“tan-gential swirl”). Spray opening angles were 75°, 60°, and 35° for nozzles 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Video imaging showed that the nozzles produced sprays that were inclined a few degrees from the nozzle centerline. Spray patter-nation showed all the sprays to be asymmetric, while nozzle 2 was the most symmetric. Laser-Doppler measure-ments showed large differences in spray velocities between nozzles. The spray velocity for nozzle 1 increased from 9 m/s to 15 m/s when the flow rate was increased from 1.5 L/s to 2.5 L/s. The resulting velocity increase for nozzle 2 was from 7 m/s to 11 m/s, and for nozzle 3, it was from 8 m/s to 13 m/s. Tangential flow (swirl) directed the spray 6°•12° away from the vertical plane. Liquid sheet breakup mechanisms and lengths were estimated by analyzing high speed video images. The liquid sheet breakup mechanism for nozzle 1 was estimated to be wave formation, and the sheet length was estimated to be about 10 cm. Sheet breakup mechanisms for nozzle 2 were wave formation and sheet perforation, and the sheet length was about 20 cm. Nozzle 3 was not supposed to form a liquid sheet. Nozzle geometry was found to greatly affect spray characteristics.
Journal articles
Model to Predict the Precipitation of Burkeite in the Multip
Model to Predict the Precipitation of Burkeite in the Multiple Effect Evaporator and Techniques for Controlling Scaling, 1995 Engineering Conference Proceedings
Journal articles
Liquor-To-Liquor Differences in Combustion and Gasification
Liquor-To-Liquor Differences in Combustion and Gasification Processes: Nitrogen Oxide Formation Tendency, 1995 Engineering Conference Proceedings
Journal articles
Evaluation of internal thermophilic biotreatment as a strategy in tmp mill closure, TAPPI JOURNAL, August 1999, Vol. 82(8)
Evaluation of internal thermophilic biotreatment as a strategy in tmp mill closure, TAPPI JOURNAL, August 1999, Vol. 82(8)
Journal articles
Some mechanistic insights for using the streaming current detector to measure wet-end charge, TAPPI JOURNAL, August 1999, Vol. 82(8)
Some mechanistic insights for using the streaming current detector to measure wet-end charge, TAPPI JOURNAL, August 1999, Vol. 82(8)
Journal articles
Engineering quality theme for 1999 tappi engineering/process & product quality conference, TAPPI JOURNAL, December 1999, Vol. 82(12)
Engineering quality theme for 1999 tappi engineering/process & product quality conference, TAPPI JOURNAL, December 1999, Vol. 82(12)
Magazine articles
A guide to developing a best management practices (bmp) plan for spent liquor, part II, TAPPI JOURNAL, December 1999, Vol. 82(12)
A guide to developing a best management practices (bmp) plan for spent liquor, part II, TAPPI JOURNAL, December 1999, Vol. 82(12)
Journal articles
Industry's rle in gasification commercialization: the agenda 2020 perspective, TAPPI JOURNAL, December 1999, Vol. 82(12)
Industry's rle in gasification commercialization: the agenda 2020 perspective, TAPPI JOURNAL, December 1999, Vol. 82(12)
Journal articles
Signature of recalcitrant stickies in recycle newsprint, TAPPI JOURNAL, December 1999, Vol. 82(12)
Signature of recalcitrant stickies in recycle newsprint, TAPPI JOURNAL, December 1999, Vol. 82(12)
Journal articles
Evaluation of apmp and bctmp for market pulps from south american eucalyptus, TAPPI JOURNAL, December 1999, Vol. 82(12)
Evaluation of apmp and bctmp for market pulps from south american eucalyptus, TAPPI JOURNAL, December 1999, Vol. 82(12)