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Magazine articles
Investigation of the influencing factors in odor emission from wet-end white water, TAPPI Journal October 2020
ABSTRACT: Emission of malodorous gases, such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and ammonia (NH3) during pulping and papermaking has caused certain harm to the air environment and human health. This paper investigated the influencing factors of odor emission from wet-end white water during the production of bobbin paper in a papermaking mill using old corrugated containers (OCC) as raw material. The concentration of malodorous gases emitted from wet-end white water was determined with pump-suction gas detectors. The results indicated that low temperature could limit the release of malodorous gases from white water. Specifically, no total volatile organic compounds (TVOC), H2S, and NH3 was detected at a temperature of 15°C. The concentrations of malodorous gases were slightly increased when temperature increased to 25°C. When temperature was 55°C, the released concentrations of TVOC, H2S, and NH3 were 22.3 mg/m3, 5.91 mg/m3, and 2.78 mg/m3, respectively. Therefore, the content of malodorous gases significantly increased with the temperature increase. The stirring of white water accelerated the release of malodorous gases, and the release rate sped up as the stirring speed increased. However, the total amount of malodorous gases released were basically the same as the static state. Furthermore, the higher the concentration of white water, the greater the amount of malodorous gases released. The pH had little influence on the TVOC release, whereas it significantly affected the release of H2S and NH3. With the increase of pH value, the released amount of H2S and NH3 gradually decreased. When pH reached 9.0, the release amount of H2S and NH3 was almost zero, proving that an alkaline condition inhibits the release of H2S and NH3.
Journal articles
The outer limits of paper recovery and recycling, TAPPI JOURNAL, April 1997, Vol. 80(4)
The outer limits of paper recovery and recycling, TAPPI JOURNAL, April 1997, Vol. 80(4)
Journal articles
Canadian industry: 1996 review, TAPPI JOURNAL, January 1997, Vol. 80(1)
Canadian industry: 1996 review, TAPPI JOURNAL, January 1997, Vol. 80(1)
Journal articles
The association angle: CPPA on Canada, TAPPI JOURNAL, January 1997, Vol. 80(1)
The association angle: cppa on canada, TAPPI JOURNAL, January 1997, Vol. 80(1)
Journal articles
The French pulp and paper industry in review, TAPPI JOURNAL, June 1997, Vol. 80(6)
The french pulp and paper industry in review, TAPPI JOURNAL, June 1997, Vol. 80(6)
Journal articles
Capitalizing on an environmental enterprise, TAPPI JOURNAL, March 1997, Vol. 80(3)
Capitalizing on an environmental enterprise, TAPPI JOURNAL, March 1997, Vol. 80(3)
Journal articles
Improving softwood mechanical pulp properties with ophiostoma piliferum, TAPPI JOURNAL, March 1997, Vol. 80(3)
Improving softwood mechanical pulp properties with ophiostoma piliferum, TAPPI JOURNAL, March 1997, Vol. 80(3)
Journal articles
Magazine articles
Black liquor evaporator upgrades— life cycle cost analysis, TAPPI Journal March 2021
ABSTRACT: Black liquor evaporation is generally the most energy intensive unit operation in a pulp and paper manufacturing facility. The black liquor evaporators can represent a third or more of the total mill steam usage, followed by the paper machine and digester. Evaporator steam economy is defined as the unit mass of steam required to evaporate a unit mass of water from black liquor (i.e., lb/lb or kg/kg.) The economy is determined by the number of effects in an evaporator train and the system configuration. Older systems use four to six effects, most of which are the long tube vertical rising film type. Newer systems may be designed with seven or even eight effects using falling film and forced circulation crystallization technology for high product solids. The median age of all North American evaporator systems is 44 years. Roughly 25% of the current North American operating systems are 54 years or older. Older systems require more periodic maintenance and have a higher risk of unplanned downtime. Also, older systems have chronic issues with persistent liquor and vapor leaks, shell wall thinning, corrosion, and plugged tubes. Often these issues worsen to the point of requiring rebuild or replacement. When considering the age, technology, and lower efficiency of older systems, a major rebuild or new system may be warranted. The intent of this paper is to review the current state of black liquor evaporator systems in North America and present a basic method for determining whether a major rebuild or new installation is warrant-ed using total life cycle cost analysis (LCCA).
Journal articles
Practical windows and inhibitors for grade 2 titanium use in alkaline peroxide bleach solutions, TAPPI JOURNAL, November 1995, Vol. 78(11)
Practical windows and inhibitors for grade 2 titanium use in alkaline peroxide bleach solutions, TAPPI JOURNAL, November 1995, Vol. 78(11)
Journal articles
Some fundamental aspects of wood chipping, TAPPI JOURNAL, October 1995, Vol. 78(10)
Some fundamental aspects of wood chipping, TAPPI JOURNAL, October 1995, Vol. 78(10)