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Journal articles
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TAPPI News, Paper360º July/August 2020

TAPPI News, Paper360º July/August 2020

Journal articles
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ASPI News, Paper360º July/August 2020

ASPI News, Paper360º July/August 2020

Journal articles
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Open Access
Cationic emulsions of maleic anhydride derivatives of oleic and abietic acid for hydrophobic sizing of paper, TAPPI Journal 2020

ABSTRACT: Ordinary rosin sizing agents are mixtures of resin acids that include abietic acid and related compounds obtained from softwoods such as pine. Fatty acids, which are another byproduct of the kraft pulping of soft-wood species, also may have hydrophobic effects, but their use as sizing agents has seldom been considered. In the current study, abietic acid and oleic acid, in the absence of other components, were first modified by reaction with maleic acid anhydride. Then, the maleated derivatives (maleated oleic acid [MOA] and maleated abietic acid [MAA]), which were emulsified with cationic starch at the 1:1 and 3:2 ratio, respectively, were added to fiber furnish containing aluminum sulfate (papermaker’s alum). The prepared sheets were dried with a rotating drum on one side at 100°C at low pressure to cure the sizing agents. The chemical, optical strength, and absorption properties were measured. The presence of the sizing material was confirmed using time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), and the retention of the sizing agent on fibers was supported by evidence of hydrocarbons on the paper surface. In addition to achieving sufficient water resistance features with MAA, a lesser hydrophobic character was obtained when using MOA. Compared to commercial applications, relatively large amounts of sizing agent were used to obtain a sufficient sizing degree. The MOA required 5% addition to achieve a similar sizing degree as MAA at the 2% level. The sizing treatments also resulted in substantial increases in tensile index value. Since cationic starch was used in the formulation of the sizing agents, the increase in tensile index may have been due to the influence of cationic starch. Contributions to paper strength from a combination of ionic complexation and mutual association of hydrophobic groups is also proposed. Depending on the amount of sizing agent, the yellowness increased, especially when sizing with MOA.

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Open Access
Fate of phosphorus in the recovery cycle of the kraft pulping process, TAPPI Journal March 2020

ABSTRACT: The accumulation of nonprocess elements in the recovery cycle is a common problem for kraft pulp mills trying to reduce their water closure or to utilize biofuels in their lime kiln. Nonprocess elements such as magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), silicon (Si), aluminum (Al), and phosphorus (P) enter the recovery cycle via wood, make-up chemicals, lime rock, biofuels, and process water. The main purge point for these elements is green liquor dregs and lime mud. If not purged, these elements can cause operational problems for the mill. Phosphorus reacts with calcium oxide (CaO) in the lime during slaking; as a result, part of the lime is unavailable for slaking reactions. The first part of this project, through laboratory work, identified rhenanite (NaCa(PO4)) as the form of P in the lime cycle and showed the negative effect of P on the availability of the lime. The second part of this project involved field studies and performing a mass balance for P at a Canadian kraft pulp mill.

Journal articles
Magazine articles
Open Access
Historical perspectives of corrugated box testing for 2020, TAPPI Journal March 2020

ABSTRACT: In the age of e-commerce, corrugated packaging is experiencing a resurgence; at least, consumers are receiving more corrugated boxes today than ever before. The corrugated box has been the main package for transporting goods for over 100 years, and corrugated board and boxes have been the focus of scientific study for about as long. For the last 50 years, box compressive test strength value (BCT) has been the main focus of research and testing. That was not always the case. In addition, many of today’s boxes experience a different end-use life than their predecessors.

Journal articles
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SetPoint: Let’s Give ’Em Something to Talk About, Paper360º March/April 2020

SetPoint: Let’s Give ’Em Something to Talk About, Paper360º March/April 2020

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Over the Wire, Paper360º March/April 2020

Over the Wire, Paper360º March/April 2020

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The European Industry: Plenty of Challenges and Opportunities, Paper360º March/April 2020

The European Industry: Plenty of Challenges and Opportunities, Paper360º March/April 2020

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Paptic: Paper Products to Help Save the World, Paper360º March/April 2020

Paptic: Paper Products to Help Save the World, Paper360º March/April 2020

Journal articles
Magazine articles
Quick Evaluation of Fillers and Fines in Paper and Board, Paper360º March/April 2020

Quick Evaluation of Fillers and Fines in Paper and Board, Paper360º March/April 2020

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