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SCC susceptibility of chromized type 409 stainless steel in alkaline chloride solutions at ambient temperature and pressure, TAPPI Journal August 2023
ABSTRACT: Biomass hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) is operated in a harsh reaction medium that contains hot pressurized water, inorganic acidic or basic catalyst, and inorganic/organic corrosive components released during the conversion. Candidate alloys for this application require suitable resistance to both corrosion and stress corrosion cracking (SCC) to withstand the HTL process conditions (250°C•374°C and 4•22 MPa). Ferritic iron-chromium (Fe-Cr) steels are more prone to corrosion but less susceptible to SCC compared to austenitic iron-chromium-nickel (Fe-Cr-Ni) steels. Chromizing can significantly reduce corrosion of Type 409 stainless steel (Fe-11Cr) in a simulated aqueous HTL solution. The objective of this study is to determine the SCC susceptibility of chromized Type 409 stainless steel, relative to the bare (non-chromized) case. The slow strain rate testing (SSRT) technique was used for this purpose. For simplicity of experimentation, SSRT was conducted using simulated HTL water containing 800 ppm potassium chloride (KCl), 1 M potassium carbonate (K2CO3), and 10 wt% acetic acid at ambient temperature and pressure. Complementary potentiodynamic polarization measurements and surface analysis by X-ray photoelectron spectros-copy (XPS) were also made to help interpret the SSRT results. The SSRT results show no significant difference in SCC susceptibility, regardless of the starting surface. Thus, chromizing, while significantly reducing the corrosion of Type 409 stainless steel, does not adversely affect SCC susceptibility, at least under the conditions tested.
Journal articles
Magazine articles
Combustion behaviors of lignin-lean black liquor and lignin, TAPPI JOURNAL July 2015
Combustion behaviors of lignin-lean black liquor and lignin, TAPPI JOURNAL July 2015
Journal articles
Magazine articles
Editorial: Marc Foulger: All things papermaking, TAPPI JOUR
Editorial: Marc Foulger: All things papermaking, TAPPI JOURNAL November 2015
Journal articles
Magazine articles
Causality of manufacturing processes with significant time
Causality of manufacturing processes with significant time delays, TAPPI JOURNAL November 2015
Journal articles
Magazine articles
Desilication of bamboo for pulp production, TAPPI JOURNAL N
Desilication of bamboo for pulp production, TAPPI JOURNAL November 2015
Magazine articles
Alkaline filler addition and retention, TAPPI JOURNAL, April 1992, Vol. 75(4)
Alkaline filler addition and retention, TAPPI JOURNAL, April 1992, Vol. 75(4)
Magazine articles
Annual tappi papermakers conference held in nashville, TAPPI JOURNAL, August 1992, Vol. 75(8)
Annual tappi papermakers conference held in nashville, TAPPI JOURNAL, August 1992, Vol. 75(8)
Magazine articles
A suction-roll shell material with improved corrosion-fatigue strength, TAPPI JOURNAL, December 1992, Vol. 75(12)
A suction-roll shell material with improved corrosion-fatigue strength, TAPPI JOURNAL, December 1992, Vol. 75(12)
Magazine articles
Evolution and development of headbox systems for specialty nonwoven formers, TAPPI JOURNAL, February 1992, Vol. 75(2)
Evolution and development of headbox systems for specialty nonwoven formers, TAPPI JOURNAL, February 1992, Vol. 75(2)
Magazine articles
Finishing and converting division conference celebrates 25th anniversary, TAPPI JOURNAL, February 1992, Vol. 75(2)
Finishing and converting division conference celebrates 25th anniversary, TAPPI JOURNAL, February 1992, Vol. 75(2)