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Journal articles
Preparation of a vegan leather from mycelium with papermaking method, TAPPI Journal June 2026
ABSTRACT: With growing concern over the environmental impacts of both natural leather and conventional synthetic leathers, the development of sustainable and eco-friendly leather alternatives has become an urgent research priority. In this study, an innovative wet papermaking strategy is proposed to fabricate continuous, homogeneous mycelial sheets from chitin-rich fungal mycelium, mimicking the matrix structure of genuine leather. These mycelial sheets were chemically modified to meet the performance requirements of leather foam layers. Subsequently, the modified mycelial sheets were combined with a substrate fabric to produce a novel mycelium-based leather composite (myco-paper leather) that achieves an excellent balance of mechanical properties and tactile qualities. Experimental results demonstrate that the mycelium-sheet-based leather substitute exhibits remarkable mechanical performance, with a tensile strength of approximately 45 MPa and an elongation at break of about 10.5%. After lamination with the substrate fabric, the composite material shows a tear strength of approximately 16 N, along with a desirable hand feel and surface texture. Following tannic acid tanning, the mycelial sheets also exhibit significant antimicrobial and antifungal properties, forming an inhibition zone of approximately 2 mm against Staphylococcus aureus. Through reinforcement with plant fibers, the developed material attains both strength and flexibility, indicating that the wet papermaking of mycelial sheets is a feasible and scalable approach for producing sustainable leather alternatives. This work not only employs a simple and mature papermaking process to process fungal mycelium but also provides a new conceptual and practical foundation for the large-scale production of bio-based leather substitutes. The findings have significant implications for advancing a low-carbon, sustainable leather industry.
Journal articles
Investigation of the factors contributing to malodorous gases emission during secondary fiber reuse, TAPPI Journal June 2026
ABSTRACT: Malodorous gases are commonly produced during secondary fiber reuse, which is harmful to human health and causes environmental pollution. This paper investigated the influence of fiber type and concentration, temperature, and whitewater concentration on the malodorous gases. The results indicated that, in pulp prepared with fresh water, bleached hardwood kraft pulp (LBKP) did not produce malodorous gases after standing for five days. In contrast, the secondary fiber began to release substantial amounts of total volatile organic compounds (TVOC) on the third day and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and ammonia (NH3) on the sixth day, and black substances began to appear in the pulp, which proved that the microorganisms began to proliferate. With the increase of the secondary fiber concentration, the release amounts of TVOC, H2S, and NH3 gradually rose, along with the black substances in the pulp. With increased temperature, the release of TVOC increased steadily, while the release of H2S and NH3 reached the maximum at about 45°C, and then began to decline. The decrease of the pulp freeness accelerated the generation of the malodorous gases, but the total release amounts of TVOC, H2S, and NH3 were basically the same. With the increase of white water concentration, the release of TVOC, H2S, and NH3 increased rapidly. When the white water/fresh water was 20 mL/80 mL, the slurry changed from pale yellow to aterrimus on the sixth day. Therefore, microorganisms in the secondary fiber caused pulp deterioration, while white water was the main reason for generating a large amount of malodorous gases.
Journal articles
In-plant tests on high alloyed stainless steels in c, d and cd stage bleach washers, TAPPI JOURNAL, February 2001, Vol. 84(2)
In-plant tests on high alloyed stainless steels in c, d and cd stage bleach washers, TAPPI JOURNAL, February 2001, Vol. 84(2)
Journal articles
A novel multiport cylinder dryer, TAPPI JOURNAL, February 2001, Vol. 84(2)
A novel multiport cylinder dryer, TAPPI JOURNAL, February 2001, Vol. 84(2)
Journal articles
New process produces highly concentrated polysulfide liquor by electrolysis of white liquor, TAPPI JOURNAL, February 2001, Vol. 84(2)
New process produces highly concentrated polysulfide liquor by electrolysis of white liquor, TAPPI JOURNAL, February 2001, Vol. 84(2)
Journal articles
Chemical treatment in mechanical pulping part 4: h2o2 bleaching and pulp property development, TAPPI JOURNAL, January 2001, Vol. 84(1)
Chemical treatment in mechanical pulping part 4: h2o2 bleaching and pulp property development, TAPPI JOURNAL, January 2001, Vol. 84(1)
Journal articles
New insights into dispersed air effects in brownstock washing, TAPPI JOURNAL, January 2001, Vol. 84(1)
New insights into dispersed air effects in brownstock washing, TAPPI JOURNAL, January 2001, Vol. 84(1)
Journal articles
Determination of residual bark in debarked pulpwood using image analysis, TAPPI JOURNAL, January 2001, Vol. 84(1)
Determination of residual bark in debarked pulpwood using image analysis, TAPPI JOURNAL, January 2001, Vol. 84(1)
Journal articles
Comparative papermaking properties of oil-palm empty fruit bunch, TAPPI JOURNAL, January 2001, Vol. 84(1)
Comparative papermaking properties of oil-palm empty fruit bunch, TAPPI JOURNAL, January 2001, Vol. 84(1)
Journal articles
Arundo donax l. reed: new perspectives for pulping and bleaching 1. raw material characterisation, TAPPI JOURNAL, January 2001, Vol. 84(1)
Arundo donax l. reed: new perspectives for pulping and bleaching 1. raw material characterisation, TAPPI JOURNAL, January 2001, Vol. 84(1)