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Biofuels in lime kilns • Operating experience in the Nordic pulp and paper industry, TAPPI Journal October 2024
ABSTRACT: The lime reburning process is a central part of the chemical pulp mill. It is energy intensive and consumes large amounts of fossil fuel, globally consuming about 50 terawatt-hours (TWh) of fuel per year. Conversion to operation with biofuel is interesting, both to reduce carbon dioxide emissions and to reduce costs. Researchers interviewed managers in mills that use solid, liquid, or gasified biofuels to replace fuel oil or natural gas in their lime kilns, and they conducted surveys related to fuel consumption and operations and maintenance. In Sweden and Finland, there were ten mills in 2020 using biomass powder or gasified biomass as the primary fuel, and two more installations were under construction. There were also nine installations in operation or under construction outside the Nordic countries. Fourteen mills in Sweden and two mills in Finland used tall oil pitch as the main fuel. Fuel consumption in Swedish lime kilns was 3.8 TWh in 2020, and 90% of this energy was supplied with biofuels. Of about 4.2 TWh used in Finnish lime kilns, approximately 45% was supplied with biofuels. Developments in the design of the fuel supply system include belt dryers being used in all new installations and mass flow metered dosing systems being used in most new pulverized fuel installations. Bark gasifiers have increased considerably in size. Lignin powder firing has been established as a proven option. A solution for many Swedish and Finnish mills is the use of tall oil pitch as a replacement for fuel oil.
Magazine articles
Alkaline filler addition and retention, TAPPI JOURNAL, April 1992, Vol. 75(4)
Alkaline filler addition and retention, TAPPI JOURNAL, April 1992, Vol. 75(4)
Magazine articles
Evolution and development of headbox systems for specialty nonwoven formers, TAPPI JOURNAL, February 1992, Vol. 75(2)
Evolution and development of headbox systems for specialty nonwoven formers, TAPPI JOURNAL, February 1992, Vol. 75(2)
Magazine articles
Behavioral observation: gathering data for continuous safety improvement, TAPPI JOURNAL, February 1992, Vol. 75(2)
Behavioral observation: gathering data for continuous safety improvement, TAPPI JOURNAL, February 1992, Vol. 75(2)
Magazine articles
Capital cost analysis looks at recent and future trends, TAPPI JOURNAL, November 1992, Vol. 75(11)
Capital cost analysis looks at recent and future trends, TAPPI JOURNAL, November 1992, Vol. 75(11)
Magazine articles
More than 420 attend polymers, laminations and coatings division annual conference, TAPPI JOURNAL, January 1993, Vol. 76(1)
More than 420 attend polymers, laminations and coatings division annual conference, TAPPI JOURNAL, January 1993, Vol. 76(1)
Magazine articles
Papermakers conference draws more than 900 attendees, TAPPI JOURNAL, July 1993, Vol. 76(7)
Papermakers conference draws more than 900 attendees, TAPPI JOURNAL, July 1993, Vol. 76(7)
Magazine articles
1994 polymers, laminations and coatings conference highlights technology basics, TAPPI JOURNAL, December 1994, Vol. 77(12)
1994 polymers, laminations and coatings conference highlights technology basics, TAPPI JOURNAL, December 1994, Vol. 77(12)
Journal articles
Magazine articles
Editorial: Special pulping and engineering issues of TAPPI Journal yield important recovery cycle research, TAPPI Journal June 2024
ABSTRACT: The June issue of TAPPI Journal, which is dominated by recovery cycle topics, is the last PEERS issue organized by Dr. Peter Hart, the fomer editor-in-chief who passed away this past May. Peter, who was heavily involved with TAPPI’s Pulp Manufacture Division and various pulping-related committees, also started working with conference technical program planning starting in 2005 with the Engineering, Pulping and Environmental (EPE) Conference, which was the precursor to the more recent Pulping, Engineering, Environmental, Recycling and Sustainability (PEERS) Conference. He was also involved with other conference planning, including that for the International Pulp Bleaching Conference. In addition, Peter was a yearly attendee of such conferences starting as far back as 1990.
Journal articles
Magazine articles
Evaluation of rice straw for purification of lovastatin, TAPPI Journal November 2021
ABSTRACT: Cholesterol synthesis in the human body can be catalyzed by the coenzyme HMG-CoA reductase, and lovastatin, a key enzyme inhibitor, can reduce hypercholesterolemia. Lovastatin can be obtained as a secondary metabolite of Aspergillus terreus ATCC 20542. In this study, rice straw of lignocellulose was used in aeration and agitation bath fermentation in a 1-L flask, and a maximal crude extraction rate of 473 mg/L lovastatin was obtained. The crude extract was treated with silica gel (230–400 mesh) column chromatography. Ethyl acetate/ethanol (95%) was used as the mobile phase, and isolation was performed through elution with various ethyl acetate/ethanol ratios. The highest production rate of 153 mg/L was achieved with ethyl acetate/ethanol in a ratio of 8:2. The lovastatin gained from the crude extract was added to 12 fractions treated with 0.001 N alkali, and acetone was then added. After 24 h of recrystallization at 4°C, the extract underwent high-performance liquid chromatography. The purity had increased from 25% to 84.6%, and the recovery rate was 65.2%.